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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cell |
basic unit of all living tissues or organisms |
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combine to form tissue |
cells |
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combine to form organs |
tissues |
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combine to form system |
organs |
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combine to form organism |
systems |
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human organism may have problems occurring at cellular level but show signs |
outside the body. examples: flu, pneumonia, diabetes, cancer |
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Tumor |
a group of abnormally growing cells; may be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) |
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Cancer |
a disease in which abnormally-growing cells grow in an uncontrolled manner, invade surrounding tissue and may spread to other areas of the body. cancer cells have no purpose; are similar to embryonic cells |
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Cancer- Nurse Aides Role |
offer emotional support and be aware of seven warning signs: CAUTION |
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CAUTION |
C Change in bowel or bladder habits A a sore that does not heal U unusual bleeding or discharge from any body opening T thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere I indigestion or difficulty in swallowing O obvious change in a wart or mole N nagging cough or hoarseness |
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Integumentary system |
the skin largest organ and system in the body responsible for providing a natural protective covering of the body both an organ and a system |
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Three layers of the integumentary system |
1. epidermis 2. dermis 3.subcutaneous |
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Function of Integumentary system |
protects body regulated body temperature eliminates waste contains nerve endings stores fat and vitamins in subcu layer |
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Eczema |
red itchy areas on the surface of skin |
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Dermatitis |
inflammation of skin |
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pressure ulcer |
wound caused by poor circulation resulting from pressure; Stages 1-4 |
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Older adults do not need _____ everyday |
complete baths |
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Cardiovascular system |
continuous movement of blood through the body |
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Structure of the heart |
right atria, left atria, right ventricle, left ventricle |
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function of heart |
2 phases: systole (when it is working) diastole (when it is resting) |
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Pulse |
the beat of the heart felt at an artery as a wave of blood passes through |
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What are the two blood vessels? |
Arteries Veins |
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Arteries |
carry blood with oxygen and nutrients away from the heart and to the cells |
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Veins |
carry blood with waste products away from the cells and to the heart |
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blood |
consists of water (90%) blood cells carbon dioxide oxygen nutrients hormones enzymes waste products |
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) |
a condition in which blood vessels in the coronary arteries narrow, lowering blood supply to the heart and depriving it of oxygen |
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Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) |
when one or both sides of the heart stop pumping effectively. fluid backs up and pours into lungs |
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Myocardial Infarction (MI) |
Heart attack- a condition where the heart muscle does not receive enough blood and lacks oxygen, causing damage or death to that area of the heart |
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Anemia |
low red blood cell count |
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Varicoses veins |
enlarged, twisted veins usually in the legs |
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hypertension |
high blood pressure |
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Gastrointestinal System |
digestive system two functions: digestion and elimination |
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Upper GI Structures |
mouth, pharynx, esophagus and stomach |
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Lower GI Structures |
small intestines and large intestines |
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Accessory structures |
teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, pancreas |
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peristalsis |
snake like movement of muscles that forces food through system. if it slows down, it causes constipation |
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mastication |
chewing with saliva |
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incontinence |
inability to hold urine or bowel movements. this is not a normal part of aging |
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ulcer |
lesion or erosion of lining of stomach or small intestine |
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hemorrhoids |
enlarged veins in anal area |
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constipation |
difficulty in expelling fecal material, incomplete, or infrequent bowel movements |
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diarrhea |
watery bowel movements |
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gastroenteritis |
inflammation of the stomach and intestines lining |
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Urinary system |
the filtering system of the body, responsible for ridding body of waste products from blood |
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K U B A |
Kidneys---> ureters--->bladder--->urethra |
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kidneys |
about four or five inches long and an inch thick filter waste from the blood and produces urine help maintain water balance and blood pressure in the body regulate amounts of electrolytes in the body |
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ureters |
narrow tubes connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder about a foot long |
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urinary bladder |
muscular sac stores the urine until it passes from the body |
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urethra |
a tube located between the urinary bladder to the outside of the body about seven or eight inches long in males and about one inches long in females |
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normal findings in urine |
pale yellow to amber in color clear about 1000-1500 mL per day |
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dysuria |
pain or burning during urination |
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nephritis |
inflammation of kidney due to infection |
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cystitis |
inflammation of bladder due to infection |
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kidney failure |
decreased ability to filter waste products |
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urinary incontinence |
inability to control urination |
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UTI |
urinary tract infection |
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retention |
inability to completely empty the bladder |
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hematuria |
blood in the urine |
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dysuria |
painful urination |
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reproductive system |
allows human beings to create a new human life. |
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female reproductive system |
uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and vagina |
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male reproductive system |
penis, testicles, scrotum, and urethra |
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cystocele |
weakening of wall between urethra and vagina which leads to urinary incontinence |
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prostatic hypertrophy |
enlargement of prostate gland, a donut-shaped structure around the male urethra, leading to urinary dysfunction |
