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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Strong Lead-in
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Starting a day part with a strong program to retain audience for the fallowing program
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Lead out
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Attracts audience to the program preceding it
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Hot switiching
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seamless commercial free transitions from one show to the other
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Stripping
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Scheduling episodes of a seris at the same time every weekday. Most syndicated 30 min. off network programs are scheduled this way like Jeopardy. It runs every weekday at 6:30 pm on cable channel 4 (Louisville)
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Block Programming
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Scheduling programs of similar appeal throughout the daypart ie Monday night football on ABC all comedy shows on CBS movie night on NBC etc
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Hammock
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Scheduling a questionable program in between two strong programs
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Counter programming
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attracting audience to one’s station by offering programs different from those of competition
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Audience Flow
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Movement of viewed or listeners from one program to another p241. The idea is to build audience numbers.
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Bridging
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Scheduling a program that overlaps the start time of a competing show (used by cable networks only)
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Repetition
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Repeat the movie or the program through the 24 hour daypart (use by cable networks only)
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Stunting
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Frequently interrupting regular programming with heavily promoted specials
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Sports
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Most Tv sports are produced by production companies specializing in television sports
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Network news
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rely on their own staffs for news footage but do accept news footage from pool feeds: sometimes it unsafe to go in
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Clustering
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group a whole bunch of channels together by program genre
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Before the mid-90s
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most network prime time programs were provided by outside major hollywood studios (paramount or twentieth centry Fox) and independent producers (MTM,Spelling,Cannell) p237
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LOP
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Least objectionable program: viewers will always watch something, even if reduced to this program philosophy
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Appointment television
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Like NFL football no matter where or when it is scheduled, viewers will follow it and plan for it
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Programming
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The selecting and scheduling of programs designed to appeal to certain subsets of the mass audience
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Targeting
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- the strategy of choosing the right program to appeal to that subset
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Demographics
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Term describing the age range and gender audience
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Psychographics
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provide a profile of lifestyle and interests in various demographics
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Parsimony Principle
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Parsimony means miserly or excessive economics) So, in programming it means using material as sparingly as possible, repeating it as often as possible or sharing it to reduce costs
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Off network syndicated program
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Former network program now offered to individual on a syndicated basis (Seinfeld or cheers)
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Syndicated
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shows abailable for purchase
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First- run syndication
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Programs designed for syndication only and never to be seen on a broadcast network (wheel of fortune or jeopardy)
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Bicycle
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Syndicator ships tapes to station A which airs it and then send it to station B etc.
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Syndex
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p232 Syndicated exclusivity guaranteed to be the only one to play it. Station can forego exclusivity to get a lower price
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FIN/SYN
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the networks could not own syndicated program it was reapealed in 1991
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Barter syndication
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When the syndicator sells all of the commercials in a national show (mutual of Omaha’s “wild kingdom” ) With stations receiving it free with no commercial time to sell
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Day Parts
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Television days is broken down into early early morning, early morning, morning
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MSO
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(multiple system operators) p176 This mean that they own multiple cable operations
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Vertical integration
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Vertical integration is where you do business with yourself.
Means that they own the film companies and the Cable network |
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Syndex
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Syndex requires each cable system to make sure that syndicated show is run exclusively without competition
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Telcos
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Telephone companies are not big players but they essentially can enter the television arena. They have fiber optic lines
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1992 Cable Act
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requires cable operators to offer subscribers a basic service tier
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CO-OP
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Cooperative advertising when local agencies share with a national company (Goodyear shares local advertisers with national Goodyear
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National Spot
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When national advertisers have network commercials for certain parts of the united states etc.
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Network advertising
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they run all across the nation at the same time in every time zone
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Investment, Profit and Loss
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Stations can sell for two and half times the stations annual gross revenue of 8-10 times its cash flow; You buy the potential of the Television station.
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Clipping
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TV stations have whole lot network commercials you clip the final commercials to put in your own commercials
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Double Billing
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If you bill an advertisers for less time then they actually paid for
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Payola/Plugola
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giving money under the table to plug a concert or a certain song; Its illegal to undisclosed the act
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Cigarettes, liquor and casinos
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for the protection of children they will not push hard liquors on Air
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Program length commercial
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this was deregulated; it’s Ok as long as they are not aimed at children
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FTC involvement
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Gets involved into False Advertising; this is the Federal Trade Commission
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Government Regulations of Advertising
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Requires reasonable recognizable differences between Radio/TV commercials and programs- The main difference is the Fade to black which separates program from commercials
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Logs and Proof of Performance
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It has to be placed on a log; This proves that the commercials ran; Its is a legal document
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Advertising Agency
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they buy time, design add campaigns and creates commercial and conduct research.
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Unwired Networks
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Alternate way of selling national spot ads A certain company buys up all the spots and sells them for profit
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National Sales Reps
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they rep your station to the national networks
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Per Inquiry
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the advertiser pays a fee on a number of phone calls you get on a commercial
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Barter
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In TV you don’t make any money but you don’t lose any money
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Pakages
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You can by a number of commercials for cheaper
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Preemtibility
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You get a specific time unless someone else pays more money for the same time
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ROS
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Run of Schedule; or BTA Best Time Available; its less expensive because your not guaranteed a specific time
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CPM
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Cost per thousand- M is the roman numeral for thousand; allows advertisers to observe cost of different media
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Advertising Volume
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Newspapers when the total volumes
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TCAF
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established in order to allow a commercial experiment; p215 Temprary commission on alternative financing-model that didn’t last
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Ford Foundation
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enabled education TV to survive its first decade Annenburd donated $150 million to ETV
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Annenburd
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TV guide guy who donated 150 million to keep Educational TV alive during its first decade
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CPB
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Coporation for public programming
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SPC
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Station program cooperative
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Educational or public radio
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20 channels at eh low end of the Fm Band
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FTC
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- Federal trade commission; determines if advertising is totally inaccurate
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QUbe
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interactiv cable did not work
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Wireless cable or MMDS
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multichannel multipoint distribution channel
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TV act of 1972
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imposed must carry “they must carry the local signal
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SMATV
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Master Attena seperates signal
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Overbuild
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when there are more than one cable operation in one area
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O & O
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Owned and operated by the cable networks
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Carnegie Commission Report of 1967
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recommended that the government supports non-commercial radio
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NPR
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National Public Radio; most stations are not member's because it cost a good deal of money; WKYU-FM pays NPR for its program
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Underwriting
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provdiding ad time for a company that supports a non-profit; it doesn't look like standard commercial
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