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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
According to Freud, a toddler is in the __________ stage of psychosexual development. |
anal
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Dominant themes in cultural art represented by images of nurturing mothers and protective fathers are examples of Jung’s conceptualization of archetypes. |
True
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Attributions are the tendency to seek information that supports one's beliefs.
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False
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Which of the following ideas lies at the core of the concept of personality?
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Consistency across situations |
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_____ refers to an individual’s unique constellation of consistent behavioral traits.
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Personality
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“Shrewd,” “timid,” and “self assured” are all adjectives that can be used to represent
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personality traits.
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Sue’s friends say that she is sympathetic, trusting, cooperative, and straightforward. Which of the following Big Five traits would best describe her?
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Agreeableness
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Eric studies three hours per day, five days a week. He only misses school when he is sick and is almost never late for class. On which of the following Big Five traits would he likely receive a high score?
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Conscientiousness
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The area of psychological research that attempts to trace the hereditary influences on personality is called
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behavioral genetics.
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Brianne likes to explore new experiences and has recently taken up mountain climbing. She is likely to have a high score on Zuckerman’s scale to measure
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sensation-seeking.
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High sensation-seekers are more likely to
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have unprotected sex.
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Most psychological tests can be placed in one of two broad categories:
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projective tests and standardized tests.
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The vast majority of personality tests take the form of
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self-report inventories.
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______________ test requires people to respond to ambiguous stimuli. Inferences about needs, emotions, and personality traits are drawn from the responses.
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A projective
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A ____ is a durable disposition to behave in a particular way in a variety of situations.
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personality trait
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The idea that personality traits have reproductive payoffs, such as extraversion being higher in those with greater physical attractiveness, complies with the _____ view.
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evolutionary
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When MRI technology was used to look for associations between the Big Five traits and variations in the relative size of specific areas of the brain,
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extraversion correlated with the volume of brain regions that process reward.
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Betty likes to post flattering photos of her body on her Facebook page. She believes that cheating on a test is okay because she is smarter than other students. When her friends comment on her behavior, she gets very angry. Betty’s behavior is most likely that of
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a narcissist.
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According to a video we watched in class humans achieve self-awareness around 18moinths of age. Often considered a human “right” we now know that self-awareness exists in other species. What species did the video talk about?
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Great Apes
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An attribution is
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an inference about the causes of behavior and events.
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Internal attributions ascribe causes of behavior to
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personal dispositions.
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In explaining the causes of behavior, the fundamental attribution error refers to the overestimation of the role of ______ factors.
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personal
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Brett thinks he failed the math test because his brain just isn’t built for math. Which type of attribution is he practicing?
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Internal
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Categorizing others by ethnicity, gender, age, or religion is used to
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avoid expending cognitive effort to form a more accurate impression. |
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Confirmation bias occurs in
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casual social interactions. job interviews. courtrooms.
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______ are widely held beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular group.
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Stereotypes
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_____ refers to the tendency to explain other people's behavior as the result of personal, rather than situational, factors.
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The fundamental attribution error
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A negative attitude held toward a particular group of people is referred to as
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prejudice.
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Which of the following statements is true?
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People tend to see what they expect to see when they are prejudiced
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_____ occurs when people yield to social pressure in their public behavior, even though their private beliefs have not changed. |
Compliance
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In Milgram's studies of obedience, participants were
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instructed to deliver electric shocks to a learner.
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In general, prejudice is ______ and discrimination is ______
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an attitude; a behavior
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Research indicates that East Asians are less prone to the fundamental attribution error than Americans.
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True
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In general, we are more likely to get help in an emergency when there is only one witness. |
True
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Zimbardo’s Stanford experiment split participants into two groups and then observed the resulting behavior. What were the two groups used in Zimbardo’s experiment?
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Prisoners & Guards
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Based on Loftus’ work on memory, eyewitness testimony should be the primary evidence we use to determine guilt. |
False
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Which of the following is NOT one of the key elements of the interpersonal communication process?
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Interpreter
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Poor communication ranks high as a cause of breakups with
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both gay and straight couples.
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In nonverbal communication, meaning is transmitted from one person to another |
through means or symbols other than words.
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Facial expressions are most likely to convey messages dealing with
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emotions.
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Which of the following is considered the most meaningful aspect of eye contact?
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Duration of eye contact
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To be an effective listener, you need to
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pay attention to nonverbal signals.
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As an indicator of lying, lack of eye contact is
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not a reliable index of deceptive intent.
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Which of the following statements about gender differences in nonverbal communication is accurate?
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Women are better encoders and decoders than men.
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The study of communication through body movement is called |
kinesics. |
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One idea from Jung’s personality theory that has been incorporated into mainstream modern psychology is the notion of |
introversion/extraversion. |
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Which of the following statements is true according to Big Five research? |
Extraversion and conscientiousness are positive predictors of career success. |
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______ includes all vocal cues other than the content of the verbal message itself. |
Paralanguage |
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In interpersonal communication, the person who originates a message is called the |
Sender |
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External attributions ascribe causes of behavior to |
situational factors |