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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Cultural relativism |
Seeing other cultures as different as opposed to judging as weird/wrong |
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Material culture |
Physical/material things of a culture non |
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Nonmaterial culture |
Beliefs, values, patterns of behavior, how to think |
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Gestures |
Using one or more parts of the body to communicate a message |
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Language |
A system of symbols that can be put together in different ways to communicate an abstract thought |
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Values |
What a culture sees as good vs. bad. |
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Norms |
Expectations/rules of behavior |
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Prescriptive norms |
What’s appropriate/acceptable (should do) |
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Proscriptive norms |
What’s inappropriate/unacceptable (should not do) |
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Sanctions |
Responses/reactions for following/breaking a norm |
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Positive sanction |
Approval did follow |
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Negative sanction |
Disapproval for breaking |
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Folkways |
Norms not strictly enforced Ex. Not brushing teeth before work |
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More |
Norm strictly enforced Ex. Steeling |
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Taboo |
Norm so strong, to break it’s horrible/ huge... severe punishment Ex. Incest |
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Subculture |
“World” within large, dominant culture. Culture patterns different from rest of mainstream society Ex. Age groups or ethnic groups |
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What type of society does the U.S. have? |
A pluralistic society. Meaning there are many different groups |
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What are the core U.S. values thought up by Robin Williams |
• Achievement & success • individualism • science & technology • progress • material comfort • humanitarianism • equality |
A life long process |
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What are some added U.S. values |
•education • romantic love |
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Value contradiction |
Values that contradict/ don’t go together Ex. Humanitarianism and personal achievement |
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Technology |
Part of nonmaterial and material culture • Material: tools • nonmaterial: can change the way we think/ relate to others |
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Cultural lag |
Not all parts of culture change at the same time Idea: William Ogburn |
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Cultural diffusion |
Adopting part of another groups way of life (culture) |
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Why is there faster cultural diffusion now? |
Electronic communication and travel |
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Socialization |
The ways/process that we learn the ways of society and other groups .. learn how to conform to social norms |
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Nature |
Characteristics because nature/hereditary |
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Nurtire |
Characteristics because of nurture/ social environment |
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Charles Martin Cooley was |
A symbolic interactionist and known for his work on the “looking glass self” |
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What was Cooley’s 3 part process |
1) we imagine how we appear to those around us 2) we interpret others’ reactions 3) we develop a self concept (negative or positive) |
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What is the significance of the looking glass self process |
Development of self does not depend on accurate evaluations |
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Who was George Herbert Mead |
A symbolic interactionist |
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What did George Herbert Mead study |
How the self develops, on role taking, and the importance of play |
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What are George Herbert Meads 3 stages of learning |
1) imitation stage 2) play stage 3) games stage |
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What does The “self” stand for and what are the two parts |
• how we think others see us; our response to it (how we see ourselves) 1) the “I” evaluates others reactions 2) the “me” target/object of action (passive part of self) |
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Gender socialization |
We are “nudged” into different attitudes and behaviors expected of males/females |
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What are the 2 sources of influence on gender socialization? |
Parents and mass media |
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Agents of socialization |
People and groups that influence our self-concept, emotions, attitudes and behavior |
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What are the main agents of socialization? |
1) before 5: parents 2) 5-10: teachers 3) 11-18: peers 4) 18+: institutions |
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Resocialization |
Learning new norms, attitudes, and behaviors to match a new situation in life |
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Total institution |
A place where you are cut off from the rest of society |
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