Test 2

Front 1

Irreversability

Back 1

A characteristic of preoperational thought in which a young child thinks that nothing can be undone. A thing cannot be restored to the way it was before a change occurred. E.g. a young girl rejecting a sandwich because her mother put lettuce on the sandwich and then still rejecting it after the lettuce is removed.

Front 2

Conservation

Back 2

The principle that the amount of a substance remains the same (ie is conserved) even when its appearance changes

Front 3

Scaffolding

Back 3

Temporary support that is tailored to a learner’s needs and abilities and aimed at helping the learning master the next task in a given learning process.

Front 4

Overimitation

Back 4

When a person imitates an action that is not a relevant part of the behavior to be learned. Over imitation is common among 2-6 y.o. when they imitate adult actions that are irrelevant and inefficient.

Front 5

Language Learning

Back 5

Young children are "sponges" to this kind of learning.

Front 6

Language explosion

Back 6

Children going from knowing 50 words at age 2 to 10,000 words by age 6.

Front 7

Child-centered programs

Back 7

Kids need to follow their own interests rather than adult directions.

Front 8

Montessori Schools

Back 8

Careful work and tasks that each young child cando.

Front 9

Reggio Emilia

Back 9

Encourages each child’s creativity in a carefully designed setting.

Front 10

Teacher-Directed Programs

Back 10

Stress academics, often taught by one adult to the entire group. Inspired by behaviorism which emphasizes step-by-step learning and repetition with reinforcement for accomplishment.