Test 1 Part A

Front 1

What is the chief functions and major organs of the integumentary system?

Back 1

-protects internal organs from drying out
-senses pain, pressure, and temperature
-hair, skin, nails, sweat glands

Front 2

What is the chief function and major organs of the endocrine system?

Back 2

-directs long-term responses to change
-growth, reproduction, nutrient use
-pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads, endocrine tissues on other systems

Front 3

What is the chief function and main organs in the urinary system?

Back 3

-rids body of nitrogeneous waste and eliminates excess fluid
-kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethera

Front 4

What is the chief function and main organs in the cardiovascular sytem?

Back 4

-pump blood
-carries O2 and exchanges CO2, nutrients and waste
-heart, blood, blood vessels, spleen

Front 5

What is the chief function and main organs in the muscular system?

Back 5

-moves limbs and other parts of the skeleton
-heat production
-skeletal muscles and associated tendons

Front 6

what is the chief function and main organs in the nervous system?

Back 6

-fast-acting control system of the body
-internal/external controls, helps to maintain homeostasis, directs specific responses
-brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sensory receptors

Front 7

What is the chief function and main organs in the respitory sytem?

Back 7

-receives O2 and removes CO2 from the blood
-nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx,pharynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli

Front 8

What is the chief function and major organs of the lymphatic system?

Back 8

-disposes of debris, part of immune system
-spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils

Front 9

What type of anatomy needs a microscope to view structure?

Back 9

microscopic

Front 10

What is meant by the "principle of complementarity?"

Back 10

function always follows structure. need both to have properly functioning parts.

Front 11

study of dead specimens: A or P?

Back 11

anatomical

Front 12

chemical principles: A or P?

Back 12

physiological

Front 13

dynamic: A or P?

Back 13

physiological

Front 14

static: A or P?

Back 14

anatomical

Front 15

observation of movement: A or P?

Back 15

physiological

Front 16

living subjects: A or P?

Back 16

physiological

Front 17

experimentation: A or P?

Back 17

physiological

Front 18

dissection: A or P?

Back 18

anatomical

Front 19

physics: A or P?

Back 19

physiological

Front 20

What is the process by which cells use food known as?

Back 20

digestion

Front 21

The waste products of metabolism are eliminated through what process?

Back 21

excretion

Front 22

What is the difference between catabolism and anabolism?

Back 22

catabolism: breaks down
anabolism: builds up

Front 23

What substance comprises the majority of the human body?

Back 23

water

Front 24

What is homeostasis?

Back 24

refers to the existence of a stable internal enviroment

Front 25

What are the three ventral body cavities?

Back 25

thoracic, abdominal and pelvic

Front 26

What does the diaphragm separate?

Back 26

the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

Front 27

What does the peritoneum separate?

Back 27

separates the abdominal and pelvic cavities

Front 28

What does the mediastinum separate?

Back 28

the left and right pleural cavities.

Front 29

What are the two dorsal cavities?

Back 29

spinal and vertebral

Front 30

What are the other cavities?

Back 30

oral, nasal, orbital, middle ear, synovial

Front 31

Which quadrant is the liver in?

Back 31

RUQ

Front 32

What quadrant is the spleen in?

Back 32

LUQ

Front 33

What quadrant is the left kidney in?

Back 33

LUQ

Front 34

What quadrant is the appendix in?

Back 34

RLQ

Front 35

What region is the pancreas in?

Back 35

epigastric

Front 36

What region is the appendix in?

Back 36

right inguinal

Front 37

What region is the stomach in?

Back 37

2/3 epigastric 1/3 left hypochondriac (greater curvature)

Front 38

What region is the spleen in?

Back 38

left hypochondriac

Front 39

What region is the liver in?

Back 39

1/3 right hypochondriac
2/3 epigastric

Front 40

what region is the hepatic flexure of the colon in?

Back 40

right hypochondriac

Front 41

What is negative feedback?

Back 41

-turns off or reduces the original stimulus.
-body temperature, heart rate, breathing rate

Front 42

what is positive feedback?

Back 42

-enhances intial stimulus
-blood clotting, giving birth

Front 43

KUB

Back 43

kidney, ureters, bladder

Front 44

RLQ

Back 44

right lower quadrant

Front 45

CXR

Back 45

chest x-ray

Front 46

R/O

Back 46

rule out

Front 47

Dx

Back 47

diagnosis

Front 48

Rx

Back 48

prescription, therapy

Front 49

Hx

Back 49

history

Front 50

ASAP

Back 50

as soon as possible

Front 51

STAT

Back 51

immediately

Front 52

ED or ER

Back 52

emergency room or department

Front 53

US

Back 53

ultrasound

Front 54

NMT

Back 54

nuclear medicine technology

Front 55

CT

Back 55

computed tomography

Front 56

AP

Back 56

anterior posterior

Front 57

PA

Back 57

posterior anterior

Front 58

LAT

Back 58

lateral

Front 59

OBL

Back 59

oblique

Front 60

OR

Back 60

surgery, operating room

Front 61

Define the transverse body plane.

Back 61

horizontal. separates superior and inferior

Front 62

Define the sagittal body plane.

Back 62

vertical line that separates left and right

Front 63

Define the frontal body plane.

Back 63

separates anterior and posterior

Front 64

What is meant by "anatomical position?"

Back 64

erect postion, hands are at the sides with palms facing forward, and feet are together on tippy toes

Front 65

plantar

Back 65

bottom of foot

Front 66

cubital

Back 66

elbow

Front 67

axillary

Back 67

armpit

Front 68

navel

Back 68

umbilical

Front 69

oral

Back 69

mouth

Front 70

buccal

Back 70

cheek

Front 71

orbital

Back 71

ocular, eye

Front 72

carpal

Back 72

wrist

Front 73

tarsal

Back 73

ankle

Front 74

lumbar

Back 74

loin, lower back

Front 75

cephalic

Back 75

head

Front 76

gluteal

Back 76

buttock

Front 77

nasal

Back 77

nose

Front 78

popliteal

Back 78

back of knee

Front 79

thoracic

Back 79

chest

Front 80

abdominal

Back 80

abdomen

Front 81

brachial

Back 81

arm

Front 82

what two cavities does the diaphragm separate?

Back 82

thoracic and abdominal

Front 83

What does the peritoneum separate?

Back 83

abdomen and pelvic

Front 84

What does the mediastinum separate?

Back 84

left pleural and right pleural cavities in the thoracic cavity

Front 85

What is histology?

Back 85

study of tissues

Front 86

What is embryology?

Back 86

study of embryos and young infants

Front 87

What is cytology?

Back 87

study of cells

Front 88

What is pathology?

Back 88

study of disease effects on organs or systems

Front 89

What is organology?

Back 89

study of the physiology of specific organs

Front 90

What is microbiology?

Back 90

deals with microorganisms and their effects on other living organisms

Front 91

What is microscopic anatomy?

Back 91

deals with structures that cannot be seen without a microscope

Front 92

What is systemic anatomy?

Back 92

deals with the structure of organ systems

Front 93

What is physiology?

Back 93

study of functions of the human body

Front 94

What is surface anatomy?

Back 94

study of superficial markings and general form

Front 95

What is system physiology?

Back 95

includes all aspects of the functioning of specific organ systems

Front 96

What is regional anatomy?

Back 96

focuses on anatomical orgaization of specifc areas of the body

Front 97

What is pathological physiology?

Back 97

study of effects of diseases on organ function or system functions

Front 98

Levels of organization from largest to smallest.

Back 98

organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organelle

Front 99

The elbow is ___ to the shoulder joint.

Back 99

distal

Front 100

The great toe is ___ to the ankle.

Back 100

distal

Front 101

The urinary bladder is ___ to the kidney.

Back 101

medial

Front 102

The orbital cavities are ____ to the nose.

Back 102

lateral

Front 103

The nose is ____ to the oral cavity.

Back 103

superior

Front 104

The kidneys are _____ to the vertebral column.

Back 104

lateral

Front 105

The lungs are in what body system(s)?

Back 105

respitory

Front 106

The kidneys are in what body system(s)?

Back 106

urinary

Front 107

The spleen is in what body system(s)?

Back 107

cardiovascular, lymphatic, immune

Front 108

The hair, skin, and nails are in what body system(s)?

Back 108

integumentary

Front 109

The heart is in what body system(s)?

Back 109

cardiovascular

Front 110

The brain is in what body system(s)?

Back 110

nervous

Front 111

The muscles are in what body system(s)?

Back 111

muscular

Front 112

The hormones are in what body system(s)?

Back 112

lymphatic

Front 113

The nerves are in what body system(s)?

Back 113

nervous

Front 114

The lymph nodes are in what body system(s)?

Back 114

lymphatic

Front 115

What does the term attenuation mean?

Back 115

The reduction in radiation intensity as a sresult of absorption of radiation and the scattering radiation as the x-ray beams through an object

Front 116

What two things make up attenuation?

Back 116

mAs and kVp

Front 117

radiolucent means:

Back 117

having a somewhat lower resistance to the passage of x-rays. gray areas

Front 118

radiopaque means:

Back 118

having a high resistance to the passage of x-rays. white on radiograph. (bones)