Tcl 410 Exam 1 Flashcards

Front 1

Race

Back 1

A social construction that can have physiological consequences.

Front 2

Biological Determinism

Back 2

The act of interpreting activity from humans strictly from the person's biological perspective. That a person's biology can explain their personal, social, and/or mental abilities.

Front 3

Medicalization

Back 3

The extension of biomedicical jurisdiction to other social other social problems.

Front 4

Biopolitics

Back 4

The control, regulation, and monitoring of bodies within a collectivity to maintain social control.

Front 5

Examples of Biopolitics

Back 5

Niche Standardization (Epstein 2008); National Origins Act of 1924; Eugenics, Border Quarantine Stations, Immigration Detention Centers.

Front 6

Biopower

Back 6

The practice of modern nation-states regulating their subjects by subjugating their bodies and controlling populations through biopolitics.

Front 7

Examples of Biopower

Back 7

Hunter 1997; Stern 1999; Aliano 2006; Indian Vaccination Act

Front 8

Foucault's perspective of medicalization

Back 8

Underlying Structure: The medical Gaze ("Always being watched"
Analysis: Analyze above and how objects become medicalized
Source of Power: Power occurs in the medical context between patient & doctors -- But we are all agents.

Front 9

Social Constructionist's perspective of medicalization

Back 9

Underlying Structure: Medical profession
Analysis: Analyze discursive practices & strategies
Source of Power: Medical profession as the agent of social control-- patients submit

Front 10

BiDil

Back 10

A drug to treat or prevent congestive heart failure. First race specific drug approved by the FDA to treat CHF among African Americans.

Front 11

Three problems with the way NitroMed tested the efficacy of BiDil as a race-specific drug

Back 11

1. african americans' risk of developing and dying from heart failure is substantially greater than that of white people
2. BiDil has a greater effect on african am. than on white poeple.
3. the presentation of data for age specific disparities in mortality was used incorrectly (45-64 age group only 6% deaths from heart failure, >65 has 93.7% deaths). Differences above 65 between af. am. and white mostly disappear.

Front 12

Historically, how has medicine approached the body?

Back 12

Little consideration for personal autonomy and lay health beliefs.
Lack of regulation a/b the way doctors treat patients.
An object of study from which to acquire scientific knowledge.
A body with a mind (Dualism)
Assuming mind is always rational, capable
A body/mind without emotions (disembodiment)
Dangerous, problematic, uncontrollable Bodies

Front 13

Social Darwinism

Back 13

The appropriation of Charles Darwin's evolutionary theory to sociology, politics, and economics. Was the foundation of many eugenics projects in late 19th and early 20th century.

Front 14

How has medicine/biomedicine approached the racialized body?

Back 14

Subhuman- Biologically inferior; lacking intelligence; not capable of being civilized; bad genes

Possessing Animal or Brute Strength- Resilient to illness, bearers of disease, ready laborers

Readily available as biomedical research subjects- Skulls of Herero & Nama; The body of Hottentot Venus( aka Sarah Baartman) in the Museum of Man in paris; Tuskegee Syphillis Study: Henrietta Lacks: Latin American plantation workers in UFCo.
**however, there was apause between 1970s and 1993 in US**

Front 15

Racial formation

Back 15

The sociohistorical process by which racial categories are created, inhabited, transformed, and destroyed

Front 16

Racial Project

Back 16

an interpretation, representation, explanation of racial dynamics & an effort to recognize and redistribute resources along racial lines

Front 17

What is Racist

Back 17

Essentialist views are perpetuated onto a group and create or reproduce a system of domination

Front 18

Science in a political or social context

Back 18

relationship between eugenics and progressive politics
African American women as scapegoats
Quarantine of Mexicans in order to militarize the border, strip mexicans of their citizenship; and blame them for tyhpus, TB, etc.

Front 19

Why was negro servant seen as a scapegoat for TB?

Back 19

TB was used a diversion to show that the abolition of slavery was the focal point to the spreading of the negro disease. The southern whites wanted to reassume control during and after the reconstruction period

Front 20

How negro bodies were perceived by white doctors

Back 20

a sickly negro was of very little value - a dead negro none
littler consid for personal autonomy

Front 21

La Operacion

Back 21

based on an anticolonial perspective.

Front 22

Three major myths about public health risks that immigrants pose to national security of the US

Back 22

immigrants are the bearers of infectious diseas
Immigrants to the US are primaril undocumeted, poor, Latinos( most asians with PHDs)
Immigrants are straining the healthcare system

Front 23

Ethnicity

Back 23

The traditions, customs, practices, and languages that are shared on culture groups, diasporas, and national groups

Front 24

Niche Standardization

Back 24

Biopolitical management and redefinition of pop. subgroups via a specification of standards ( census categories) at the intermediate level.

Front 25

Recruitmentology

Back 25

Focuses more on the on-the-ground practices of finding and recruiting research subjects to participate in biomedical studies. It is now an applied science that presupposes and generates knowledge about medically undeserved communities

Front 26

How does race become biology

Back 26

Individual- everyday racism and discrimination can cause cortisol-- stress hormone

Instituinal- racial segregation, worse heath outcomes for minorities racially segregated/unequal access to care

Structural- Consequence of 9/11, generational transmission of health inequalities to children--low birth kg