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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what medications provide protection from postop GI bleeding?
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H2 blockers, PPI (proton pump inhibitor)
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what measures provide protection from postop atelectasis/pneumonia?
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incentive spirometry, coughing, SMOKING CESSATION, ambulation
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what tx provide protection from postop DVT?
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low-molecular-weight heparin, subQ low-dose unfractionated heparin, sequential compression device (SCD) for lower extremities, early ambulation
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what measures provide protection from wound infection?
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shower the night before surgery w/chlorhexidine scrub, never use a razor for hair removal (electric shavers only), ensure adequate skin prep in OR< do not close skin in contaminated case, ensure preop antibiotics in the bloodstream before incision, ensure no excess bovie (necrotic tissue)
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why not use a razor to remove hair?
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micro cuts are a nidus for bacteria and subsequent wound infection
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how long should prophylactic antibiotics be given?
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<24 hrs
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what tx provides protection from oral/esophageal fungal infection during IV antibiotic treatment?
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PO nystatin
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what measures prevent ventilator-assoc pneumonia (VAP)?
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head of bed >30 degrees, handwashing, patient oral hygiene, avoidance of gastric overdistention
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what is the classic preop bowel prep?
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1. bowel prep: lower bacterial count in colon by catharsis (golytely or fleets), 2. PO antibiotics (neomycin, erythromycin) preoperatively, 3. preoperative IV antibiotic w/spectrum v. anaerobes (e.g., cefoxitin)
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is there any evidence that a bowel prep decreases infections?
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no
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what treatment provides protection from OPSS after splenectomy?
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immunization against h. influenzae, streptococcus, meningococcus, and penicillin when illness/fever occurs
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what tx provides protection from endocarditis w/faulty heart valve or prosthetic heart valve?
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antibiotics prior to dental procedure or any surgery
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what treatment provides protection from tetanus infection?
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tetanus toxoid (and tetanus immune globulin, if one or no previous toxoid w/dirty wound)
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what tx provides protectoin from EtOH withdrawal?
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chlordiazepoxide (librium), also give rally pack
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what tx provides protection from wernicke's encephalopathy
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rally pack (aka banana bag b/c the IV is yellos w/the vitamins in it) --> pack includes thiamine, folate, magnesium
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what is wernicke's encphelopathy?
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condition resulting from thiamine deficiency in patients w/alcoholis causing a triad of sx: 1. confusion 2. ophthalmoplegia 3. ataxia
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what tx decreases the risk of perioperative adrenal crisis in a patient on chronic steroids?
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stress-dose steroids: 100mg hydrocortisone administered preop, continued postop q 8 hr.s, and then tapered off
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