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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Marbury vs. Madison (1803)
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established judicial review by declaring a law unconstitutional
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Fletcher vs. Peck (1810)
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declared a state law void by overturning corrupt contracts
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Dartmouth vs. Woodward (1819)
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declared that a charter to a private corporation is a contract, and that a state government cannot impair it
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McCullough vs. Maryland (1819)
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upheld the constitutionality of the Bank of the United States, endorsed loose interpretation of the constitution
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Cohens vs. Virginia (1821)
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established federal jurisdiction over state cases if they involve federal rights, such as federal lottery laws
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Gibbons vs. Ogden (1824)
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established federal control of interstate commerce, invalidated NY state steamboat monopolies
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Cherokee Nation vs. Georgia (1831) , Worcester vs. Georgia (1832)
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ruled that state governments such as Georgia had no force within the territorial boundaries of Indian nations
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Charles River Bridge vs. Warren Bridge (1837)
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established that public interest overrules any charter granted to a private corporation
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Commonwealth vs. Hunt (1842)
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ruled that a trade union's organization and strike tactics were legal
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Dred Scott vs. Sandford (1857)
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decided that all African Americans, slave or free, were not citizens of the US, and escaped slaves residing in free states could be returned to their masters as property
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Ex Parte Milligan (1866)
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declared that military courts are unconstitutional in areas where civil courts are in operation
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Munn vs. Illinois (1877)
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upheld the power of a state to regulate business for reasons of public interest
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Civil Rights Cases (1883)
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struck down provisions in the 1875 Civil Rights Act that entitled all people to equal enjoyment of public accommodations and privileges
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Wabash vs. Illinois (1886)
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decided that states may not regulate transportation contracts, on the grounds that such an action infringes on Congress' exclusive control of interstate commerce
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In Re Debs (1895)
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denied a writ of habeas corpus to Eugene Debs, president of the American Railroad Union, after he was cited for violating an injunction against the Pullman Strike, on the grounds that the strike interfered with federal responsibility and authority over interstate commerce
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Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)
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ruled that "separate but equal" policies were legal
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Insular Cases (1901-1904)
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established that some rights are fundamental and apply to all American territory, while others are procedural and should not be imposed on those unfamiliar with American law, applied to natives in newly acquired territories
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Northern Securities Co. vs. United States (1904)
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upheld a government suit against a railroad holding company, ruled that an illegal combination in restraint of interstate commerce violated the Sherman Anti-Trust Act
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Muller vs. Oregon (1908)
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decided that state law can set maximum hours for workers, specifically women workers in Oregon in this case, alleviated the poor working conditions for women in industry
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Standard Oil of N.J. vs. United States (1911)
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ordered a breakup of Standard Oil as a monopoly in violation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, on the grounds that it was involved in unreasonable restraint of trade
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Schenck vs. United States (1919)
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ruled that the World War I Espionage Act did not violate the 1st Amendment, established the "clear and present danger" test
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Adkins vs. Children's Hospital (1923)
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struck down a Congressional act authorizing minimum wages for women workers
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West Coast Hotel vs. Parrish (1937)
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upheld a women's minimum wage law in Washington State, reversing its decision in Adkins vs. Children's Hospital
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West Virginia State School Board vs. Barnette (1943)
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struck down state laws requiring students to salute the American flag
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Korematsu vs. United States (1943)
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upheld the relocation and internment of Japanese Americans during World War Two
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Sweatt vs. Painter (1950)
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struck down a Texas law that restricted the University of Texas to white students only, challenged "separate but equal"
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Brown vs. Board of Education (1954)
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ruled that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, overturning Plessy vs. Ferguson
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Mapp vs. Ohio (1961)
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decided that evidence obtained in unreasonable search and seizures must be excluded from trial
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Baker vs. Carr (1962), Reynolds vs. Sims (1964)
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ruled that voters had a right to challenge the apportionment of state legislative districts in ways that overrepresented rural districts and diluted the voting power of urban voters
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Engel vs. Vitale (1962)
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forbade non-denomination prayer in public schools, ruled that the Constitution prohibits the government from endorsing religion in general
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School District of Abington Township vs. Schempp (1963)
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prohibited daily Bible readings and the reading of the Lord's Prayer in public schools
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Gideon vs. Wainwright (1963)
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ruled that indigent criminal defendants have a right to legal counsel at taxpayers' expense
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Escobedo vs. Illinois (1964)
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decided that the denial of rights to attorney void any confessions
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Heart of Atlanta Motel vs. United States (1964)
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upheld the portion of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 which outlawed discrimination in public accommodations, even if privately owned
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Griswold vs. Connecticut (1965)
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upheld the right to privacy, struck down a state law that prohibited the use of birth control
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Miranda vs. Arizona (1966)
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ruled that a truck driver, who confessed to abduction and rape, should have been informed by the police of his right to remain silent and to consult an attorney
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New York Times vs. United States (1971)
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denied the government's request for a court order barring publication of the Pentagon Papers, supported freedom of the press
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Griggs vs. Duke Power (1971)
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ruled that unnecessary barriers to employment must be removed if they are unrelated to job skills and have a discriminatory impact
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Roe vs. Wade (1973)
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upheld a woman's right to abortion and privacy
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United States vs. Nixon (1974)
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ordered President Nixon to turn over subpoenaed tapes to the court relating the Watergate scandal
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Bakke vs. Board of Regents (1978)
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imposed limitations on affirmative actions to ensure that providing greater opportunities for minorities did not come at the expense of the rights of the majority
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