Substance Abuse And Dependence Chptr 9

Front 1

Substance induce disorders

Back 1

Disorders that can be induced by using psychoactive substances, such as intoxication.

Front 2

Intoxication

Back 2

A state of drunkeness.

Front 3

Substance use disorders.

Back 3

Disorders characterized by maladaptive use of psychoactive substances (e.g. substance dependence)

Front 4

Substance abuse

Back 4

The continued use of a psychoactive drug despite the knowledge that it is causing a social, occupational, psychological or physical problem.

Front 5

Substance dependence

Back 5

impaired control over the use of a psychoactive substance; often characterized by physiological dependence.

Front 6

tolerance

Back 6

physical habiuation to a drung such that with frequent use, higher doses are needed to achieve the same effects.

Front 7

Withdrawal syndrome

Back 7

a characteristic cluster of symptoms following the sudden reduction of cessation of use of psychoactive substance after physiological dependence has developed.

Front 8

Addiction

Back 8

Impaired control over the use of chemical substance, accompanied by physiological dependence.

Front 9

Physiological dependence

Back 9

a condition in which the drung user's body comes to depend on a steady supply of the substance.

Front 10

psychological dependence

Back 10

compulsive use of a substance to meet a psychological need.

Front 11

Depressants

Back 11

A drug that slows down or cubrs the activity of the central nervous system.

Front 12

Alcoholism

Back 12

an alcohol dependence disorder or addiction that results in serious personal, social, occupationalm or health problems.

Front 13

Barbituates

Back 13

Types of depressants that are used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep but that are highly addictive. amobarbital, pentobarbital, phenobarbital and secobarbital.

Front 14

Opioids = narcotics

Back 14

drugs that are used for pain relief and treatment of isomnia but that have strong addictive potential. Morphine, heroin, codeine.

Front 15

Endorphins

Back 15

Natural substances that function as neurotransmitters in the brain and are similar in their effects to morphine.

Front 16

Morphine

Back 16

a strongly addictive narcotic derived from the opium poppy that relieves pain and induces feelings of well-being.

Front 17

Heroin

Back 17

A narcotic derived from morphine that has strong addictive properties.

Front 18

Stimulants

Back 18

Psychoactive substances that increase the activity of the nervous system.

Front 19

Amphetamines

Back 19

types of stimulants such as benzedrine, dexedrine.

Front 20

Amphetamine psychosis

Back 20

A psychotic state induced by ingestion of amphetamines.

Front 21

Cocaine

Back 21

a stimulant derived from the leaves of the coca plant.

Front 22

Crack

Back 22

The hardened, smokable form of cocaine.

Front 23

Hallucinogens

Back 23

Substances that cause hallucinations.
(LSD, PCP, Marijuanna,

Front 24

Detoxification

Back 24

The process of ridding the system of alcohol or other drugs under supervised conditions.

Front 25

Methadone

Back 25

An artifical narcotic that is used to help people who are addicted to heroin to abstain from it w/out a withdrawal syndrome.

Front 26

Naltrexone

Back 26

A drug that blocks the high from alcohol as well as from opiates.

Front 27

Biological Perspectives

Back 27

Neurotransmitters.Genetic Factors.

Front 28

Learning Perspectives

Back 28

Propose that substance-related behaviors are largely learned and can in principle be unlearned. Focus on the roles of operant and classical conditioning and observational learning. Operatnt Conditioning, Negative Reinforcement/Withdrawal, Observational Learning.

Front 29

Cognitive Perspectives

Back 29

Expectancies about the perceived benefits of using alcohol or other drugs and smoking cigarettes clearly influence the decision to use these substances.

Front 30

Psychodynamic Perspectives

Back 30

Alcoholsm reflects an oral-dependent personality. Psychodynamic theory associates excessive alcohol use with other oral traits, such as dependence and depression and traces the orgins of these traits to fixation in the oral stage or psychosexual development. Oral gratification.

Front 31

Sociocultural Perspectives

Back 31

Drinking is determined in part, by where we live, whom we worship with and the social or cultural norms that regulate our behavior. Cultural attitudes can encourage or disencourage problem drinking.

Front 32

Biolgical Approaches

Back 32

Detoxification, Disulfiram (Drug discourages alcohol consumption), Antidepressants, Nicotine Replacement Therapy, Methadone Maintenance Programs, Naltrexone (Blocks the high from alcohol and other opiates)

Front 33

Residential Approaches

Back 33

Stays in hospitals or therapeutic residence.

Front 34

Psychodynamic Approaches

Back 34

View substances abuse and dependence as symptoms of conflicts rooted in childhood experiences. Therapists attempts to resolve the underlying conflicts.

Front 35

Behavioral Approaches

Back 35

Focus on modifying abusive and dependent behavior patters. Key Question: Not whether substance abuse and dependence are diseases but whether abusers can learn to change their behavior when they are faced with tempation. (Self-control Strategies, Contingency Management Programs- Reward/Punishment,Aversive Conditioning--Painful or aversive stimuli are paired with substance abuse related stimuli to make abuse less appealing,Social Skills--helps people develop effective interpersonal responses in social situations that prompt substance abuse.