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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Overt aggression |
direct confrontation with victims and administration of physical harm or threats of
decreases with age, anger is a factor, high arousal aggression begins early lack of social cognitions to solve aggression |
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Covert |
non confrontational, relies on concealment, dishonesty, or sneaky behavior
increases with age, neutral emotion, low arousal & low emotion relies on social cognitions, can evolve as way to avoid punishment |
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passive aggressive behvaiors |
aggressive in intent, but do not act directly refusing to file income tax, refusing to speak/move |
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Lorenz view on agression |
believes aggression is an inherited instinct, enabled to defend territory |
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proactive aggression |
bullying, domination, coercive acts |
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reactive aggression |
temper tantrums, vengeful hostility, hot blooded acts |
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Instrumental aggression |
competition or desire for some object or status possessed by another- jewelry, money, position |
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hostile agression |
anger inducing, make victim suffer, harmful |
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Road rage |
intent to injure/harm another motorist, passenger, or pedestrian while driving |
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aggressive driving |
result of frustrated motorist, not directly derived from another motorist, result of displaced aggression |
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Road rage facts |
people are killed with a car 35% of the time, gub 37% men 18-25yrs 54% males, 56% females 1500 persons a year are injured or killed |
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People with XYY chromosome |
can be associated with aggression episodes 1.9% of prison pop |
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Hostile attribution Bias |
people prone to violence are more likely to interpret ambiguous actions as hostile and threatening |
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Temperature and crime |
Curve, most crime occurs at neutral temp, 75 degrees |
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Rumination |
self focused attention to ones thoughts and feelings, person keeps thinking about incident after it is over |
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contagion effect / copy cat effect |
tendency for some people to copy activity portrayed in entertainment or news media |
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Excitation transfer theory |
physiological arousal, however produced, dissipates slowly over time. preexisting arousal can lead to displaced aggression later on |
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Displaced aggression theory |
aggression is displaced when target is innocent of wrong doing but in the wrong place at the wrong time |
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Violent media and aggression |
4 scenes of violent for every 1 of affection some are more affected then others, especially children with low income familys |
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Epilepsy and violence |
1889-1970= 15 attempted defenses no link between, people engaged in violent acts after epileptic seizures while in natural response tendencies |
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Weapons effect |
presence of aggressive stimuli in environment increases the probability of aggressive responses |
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Criminal homicide |
causing the death of another person without legal justification or excuse |
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Assault |
the intentional infliction of bodily injury or harm or intent to inflict such injury aggrevated= use of weapon |
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Stats of Homicide and assault |
African american males are over represented as victims and perps- 53% of people arrested for murder 1/3 arrested for agg assault most homicides are interracial males 82% of arrestees for violent crime males 78% of victims 1/2 of those arrested for violent crime are 20-29 firearms used in 70% of all homicides alcohol-75% of homicide cases stranger homicides 13% |
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Chance of becoming a victim |
black males- 1 in 40 white males- 1 in 280 black females- 1 in 199 White females- 1 in 794 |
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Munchausen Syndrome |
parent admits self in for medical attention with symptoms falsified or directly caused parents
proxy- victim is another |
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Types of homicide |
infanticide Neonaticide-newborn within 24 hrs filicide- child over 24 hours Sorocide killing ones sister...Fratricide=brother Patricide-Killing of father Matricide-mother Parricide- both parents siblicide-sibling eldercide- killing 65 or older |
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Knight 3 path model for sexually aggressive behavior |
Physical and verbal abuse- arrogant, decietful, emo. detachment -aggressive, antisocial, impulsive Sexual abuse- sexual precompulsivity, hypersexuality, aggressive sexual fantasy's
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MTC classification system of rapists and sex offenders |
Displaced aggression- aggressive in act, brutally assaultive, usually strangers Sexual aggression- arousal associated with pain, dominance, violence- struggle is a game Compensatory- stim by envir. stalk victims Impulsive- spontaneous, convience, not more than necessary force |
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groth typologies - 3 types of rape |
Anger 40%- more force than necessary, anger toward women Power 55%- Establish control, dominance, effected by resistance Sadistic 5%- Aggression aroused, bondage and abuse, want to punish |
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Prison rapists who committed act against child |
2/3 of prison rapists |
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Largest portion of PTSD sufferers |
raped women |
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Female sex offenders of children` |
1 % of sexual assault arrests severe abuse and deprivation in childhood present in 46% of sexual assaults more likely to victimize males less criminal history have experienced abuse themselves |
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Female sex offender typology |
1- heterosexual nurturers- teacher role 2- Non criminal homosexual offender- 3-female sexual predators-M&F age 11 4-Young adult child exploiters-M&F age 7 5-homosexual criminals- prostitution, child porn 6-aggressive homosexual offenders |
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RNR approach |
Risk-need-responsibility Attempt to alter sexual preferences for children Target characteristics related to offending moderate- high risk of reoffending recover best
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Rape stats |
young- 25 or under=43% prior criminal record men dominate, women submissive attitudes victims-2/3 under 17 yrs 76% of rapists are known 5% sustain serious injury 25% need medical attention |
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Child homicide stats |
1200-1500 children killed each year USA 5th in homicides of infants under 1 rate of 5.4 per 1000 live births 31% dad, 30% mom, 23% male friends, 3% strangers Siblicide- significantly male on male |
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Firearm related deaths in US |
weapons used in 1/4 of assaults handgun used in 51% of homicides by males 42% by females rifle 16% males, 11% females |
