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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Early Civilization |
• Use of tools such as stick and stones to hunt fishes and wild animals • Built shelters for themselves • Learned how to produce and control fire – cook food, providing heat, light, and protection • Early humans – nomads (no permanent place) |
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Sumerians Civilization |
• Mesopotamia – “land betweenrivers” (Tigris andEuphrates); (Gk.) meso: middle; potam: river • Identified with fertilecrescentWithin the following boundaries: N: Armenian Mountains S: Persian Gulf W: Mesopotamian steppe, Syrian border E: mountain ravines of Western Iran • Modern day Iraq, Kuwait, North eastern section of Syria and portion of Southeastern Turkey and smaller parts of Southwestern Iran |
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Mesopotamia |
Land between rivers |
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Meso |
It means 'middle' |
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Potam |
It means "river" |
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Cities, Ziggurats, Agriculture, Cuneiform Writing, Number System, Sail boat, Wheel, Plow, Medicine |
Contributions of the Sumerians |
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City of Uruk |
First true city during the Sumerians Civilization |
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Cities (Sumerians Civilization) |
• Eridu, Uruk (first true city), Ur, Larsa,Isin, Adab, Kullah, Lagash, Nippur, Kish • Each city = corresponding King living in ziggurat with temple at the top reserved for high priests to serve their patron gods and goddesses |
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Ziggurats |
• 2200 BC; 170 ft. tall• Square or rectangular• No inner chambers • Inside: sun – baked bricks; outside – fired bricks • Staircases – leads to top of the structure for the priests toutilize |
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Leeves |
Irrigation system during the Sumerian Civilization |
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Agriculture (Sumerians Civilization) |
• Irrigation system through creation of levees • Artificial walls and canals to channel the water from the rivers into the fields • Wheat and barley were mostly cultivated • Sheep and cattle were typically raised |
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Cuneiform Writing (Sumerians) |
Greatest contribution of the Sumerian Civilization
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Cuneiform Writing (Sumerians) |
• Derived from pictographs and symbols of items engraved on soft clay tablets with the use of reed stylus. • Most tablets: sun – baked = fragile and difficult to store and to transport
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Number System (Sumerian Civilization) |
• Base 1, base 10, base60 • Base 60 = sexagesimal ,the standard number system of Sumerians and passed down to ancient Babylonians. • Time period: 24 hours/day, 60 minutes/hour, 60 seconds/minute |
