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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Regions of high electron density act as...
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nucleophiles
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T/F Resonance outweighs inductive effect
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True
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An electronegative atom withdraws electron density, increasing/decreasing acidity? Electrophilicity? Basicity? Nucleophilicity?
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Increases the acidity, increases the electrophilicity, and decreasing the basicity, and decreasing the nucleophilicity.
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Relative electronegativity of common atoms in organic chemistry
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Fonclbrisch
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Alkyl groups are electron donating or electron withdrawing?
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Electron donating
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Huckel rule
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4n + 2 pi electrons in cyclic pi network
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Electron withdrawing groups make an acid ...
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stronger
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An electron donating group makes an acid ...
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weaker
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Electron donating groups make a base ..
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stronger
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Electron withdraw groups make a base ...
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weaker
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5-10-15-20
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pKa's: carboxylic acid, phenol, alcohol, carbonyl alpha proton
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Acid strength factors: size
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For comparing acids involving atoms within the same column
Larger atom = longer bond = stronger acid |
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Acid strength factors: electronegativity
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For comparing acids involving atoms of the same column
The more electronegative the atom, the stronger the acid The less electronegative the atom, the stronger the base |
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Acid strength factors: hybridization
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The more s character, the stronger the acid due to the bond being able to be cleaved heterolytically more easily
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Which is more of a significant secondary factor, resonance or induction?
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Resonance
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Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
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Ka equation
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rate constant
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