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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Necessary properties of response categories
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1 Mutually exclusive
2 Exhaustive 3 Relatively homogenous |
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heterogeneous vs homogenous
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hetero- response categories spread evenly across range of response categories
homo-responses clustered into only a few categories |
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central tendency
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single value that defines center of distribution
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variation
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spread or dispersion of set of scores around a central value
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bimodal distribution
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when 2 response categories have most response
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standard deviation
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mean distance of values from mean value
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raw scores
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original, unchanged values that are a direct result of measurement
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standard scores
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transformed values that are all measured according to the same metric
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z scores
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are a type of standardized score, indicates distance that any given raw score deviates from mean of distribution
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descriptive statistics
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used to describe characteristics of our population
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inferential statistics
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use sample data to test hypothesis about single variable or assiociation between 2 var
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distribution of sample means
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set of means from all possible random samples of a specific size (n) selected from a specific population
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confidence intervals
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specific probabilities that true population mean falls within range of sample means
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construct
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Hypothetical concept or attribute that cannot directly be observed. Useful for describing social phenomena
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variable
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Characteristic or condition that has different values for different observations
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operational definition
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Measurement procedure for capturing social behavior
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categorical variables
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Data arranged in response categories that have been determined by researcher (NOMINAL and ORDINAL measures)
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numerical variables
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Data are represented as numbers with no attempt to categorize them (INTERVAL measures
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discrete variables
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No intermediate values that fall between intervals
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continuous variables
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Infinite number of possible values that fall between observed values
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valid percent
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description of proportion of respondents who provide usable data
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