Statistics For Eppp

Front 1

Variance

Back 1

SS/(N-1)

Front 2

Standard Deviation

Back 2

square root of SS/(N-1)

Front 3

Standard Error of the Mean

Back 3

standard deviation of the population/square root of N

it is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean

Front 4

Power

Back 4

1-beta

where beta is the type II error (the odds of retaining the null hypothesis when it is really false; or the odds of saying there is no result/difference when there really is one)

Front 5

single-sample chi-square

Back 5

1 variable, nominal data

Front 6

multiple-sample chi-square

Back 6

2 or more variables, nominal data

Front 7

Mann-Whitney U test

Back 7

2 independent groups, ordinal data

Front 8

Wilcoxon matched-pairs test

Back 8

2 correlated groups, ordinal data

Front 9

Kruskal-Wallis test

Back 9

2 or more independent groups, ordinal data

Front 10

t-test for single sample

Back 10

sample vs. population for interval/ratio data

Front 11

t-test for correlated samples

Back 11

2 correlated groups, interval/ratio data

Front 12

t-test for independent samples

Back 12

2 indepedent groups, interval/ratio data

Front 13

one-way ANOVA

Back 13

1 IV, 2 or more independent groups, interval/ratio data

Front 14

factorial ANOVA

Back 14

2 or more IVs, interval/ratio data

Front 15

repeated measures ANOVA

Back 15

2 or more correlated groups, interval/ratio data

Front 16

Variance

Back 16

SS/(N-1)

Front 17

Standard Deviation

Back 17

square root of SS/(N-1)

Front 18

Standard Error of the Mean

Back 18

standard deviation of the population/square root of N

it is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean

Front 19

Power

Back 19

1-beta

where beta is the type II error (the odds of retaining the null hypothesis when it is really false; or the odds of saying there is no result/difference when there really is one)

Front 20

single-sample chi-square

Back 20

1 variable, nominal data

Front 21

multiple-sample chi-square

Back 21

2 or more variables, nominal data

Front 22

Mann-Whitney U test

Back 22

2 independent groups, ordinal data

Front 23

Wilcoxon matched-pairs test

Back 23

2 correlated groups, ordinal data

Front 24

Kruskal-Wallis test

Back 24

2 or more independent groups, ordinal data

Front 25

t-test for single sample

Back 25

sample vs. population for interval/ratio data

Front 26

t-test for correlated samples

Back 26

2 correlated groups, interval/ratio data

Front 27

t-test for independent samples

Back 27

2 indepedent groups, interval/ratio data

Front 28

one-way ANOVA

Back 28

1 IV, 2 or more independent groups, interval/ratio data

Front 29

factorial ANOVA

Back 29

2 or more IVs, interval/ratio data

Front 30

repeated measures ANOVA

Back 30

2 or more correlated groups, interval/ratio data

Front 31

mixed ANOVA

Back 31

independent and correlated groups, interval/ratio data

Front 32

ANCOVA

Back 32

removes extraneous variables, interval/ratio data

Front 33

randomized block ANOVA

Back 33

extraneous variables, interval/ratio data

Front 34

trend analysis

Back 34

quantitative IV, interval/ratio data

Front 35

MANOVA

Back 35

2 or more dependent variables, interval/ratio data

Front 36

SST (sum of squares total)

Back 36

SST = SSB + SSW

sum of squares between plus sum of squares within

Front 37

MST (mean squares total)

Back 37

MST = SST/df

Front 38

F

Back 38

F=MSB/MSW

F=(treatment+error)/error

Front 39

Pearson Product Moment (r)

Back 39

variable 1 = interval or ratio

variable 2 = interval or ratio

Front 40

Spearman Rank-Order (rho)

Back 40

variable 1 = rank-ordered

variable 2 = rank-ordered

Front 41

Phi

Back 41

variable 1 = true dichotomy

variable 2 = true dichotomy

Front 42

Tetrachoric

Back 42

variable 1 = artificial dichotomoy

variable 2 = artificial dichotomy

Front 43

Contingency

Back 43

variable 1 = nominal

variable 2 = nominal

Front 44

Point Biserial

Back 44

variable 1 = true dichotomoy

variable 2 = interval or ratio

Front 45

Biserial

Back 45

variable 1 = artificial dichotomy

variable 2 = interval or ratio

Front 46

Eta

Back 46

Used to assess non-linear relationships

variable 1 = interval or ratio

variable 2 = interval or ratio

Front 47

LISREL

Back 47

linear structural relations analysis

used when a causal model involves recursive (one-way) and non-recursive (two-way) paths

examines the relationship between observed variables and takes into account latent traits the variables are believed to measure and the effects of measurement error

Front 48

Path analysis

Back 48

translating a theory about the causal relationships into a path diagram

Front 49

p (item difficulty)

Back 49

total number of examinees passing the exam/total number of examinees

p=0.5 optimal unless true false test...then p=0.75 optimal

Front 50

Item Characteristic Curve (ICC)

Back 50

constructed for each item

information on the relationship between an examinee's level on the ability or trait and the probablity that they will respond to the item correctly

Front 51

Item Response Theory (IRT)

Back 51

the latent trait model

test scores are reported in terms of an examinee's level on the trait being measured rather than in terms of a total test score

makes it possible to equate scores from different sets of items and from different tests

Front 52

Spearman-Brown prophecy formula

Back 52

provides an estimate of what the reliability coefficient would have been had it been based on the full length of the test (or used to say what it would be if the tests were lengthened or shortened)

Front 53

Cronbach's coefficient alpha

Back 53

average reliability that would be obtained from all possible splits of the test

Front 54

Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20)

Back 54

coefficient alpha (split half measure of internal consistency and reliability) used when items are scored dichotomously

Front 55

kappa statistic

Back 55

or coefficient concordance

inter-rater reliability

Front 56

Standard Error of the Measurement

Back 56

=standard deviation of the test scores multiplied by the square root of 1 - the reliability coefficient

used to calculate the confidence interval

Front 57

multitrait-multimethod matrix

Back 57

to test convergent and discriminant validity

correlations with different methods of the same trait and the same methods of different traits

methods for assessing construct validity

Front 58

orthogonal

Back 58

factors are uncorrelated

Front 59

oblique

Back 59

factors are correlated

Front 60

base rate

Back 60

(true positive + false negatives)/total number of people

Front 61

positive hit rate

Back 61

true positive/total positive

Front 62

validity and reliability relationships

Back 62

validity is less than or equal to the reliability

Front 63

z

Back 63

=(score-mean)/SD