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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe a solid in terms of particles and attractive forces
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Particles close together
Attractive forces strong Particles can vibrate |
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Describe a liquid in terms of particles and attractive forces
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Particles not held as strongly as solids
Attractive forces not as strong as solids Particles move but slower than gases |
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Describe a gas in terms of particles and attractive forces
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Particles are far apart
Attractive forces are weak Particles move quickly |
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Name the interconversion when
Solid-Liquid Liquid-Gas Gas-Liquid Liquid-Solid |
Solid-Liquid; Melting
Liquid-Gas; Evaporation Gas-Liquid; Condensation Liquid-Solid; Freezing |
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Define 'melting'
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Particles move faster and faster until forces of attraction cannot hold them
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Define 'freezing'
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Particles move slower until forces of attraction hold them
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Define 'boiling'
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Particles are moving fast enough to break bonds of liquid. Average speed varies with temperature.
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Define 'condensation'
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Particles move slow enough for forces of attraction to hold them
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What is sublimation?
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Solid to gas or gas to solid
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Define 'diffusion'
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Process where particles omve from region of higher conc. to one of a lower conc. until the two are equal
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Describe the diffusion of a coloured gas experiment.
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Diffusion of bromine vapour in gas jar. Orange vapour slowly diffuses into air until both are equal
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Describe relative diffusion of HCl acid and ammonia solution
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Tube stoppered at both ends with cotton wool.
The gases of the two combine to form white powder-ammonium chloride White ring forms nearer HCl acid because ammonium molecules move more quickly suggesting they are smaller |
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In relative diffusion of HCl acid and ammonia solution experiment, why is the tube stoppered?
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To prevent escape of noxious gases and conc. gases in one direction. Prevents draughts affecting results.
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Describe diffusion of a liquid experiment
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Place smaller beaker in larger one with potassium permanganate in the smaller one and water in the larger. After a few days, equal amounts will be spread
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Why does the diffusion of liquid experiment take a few days?
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Gases diffuse quicker than liquids
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