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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Greeks
CSPA(A) |
Corax
Socrates Plato Aristotle Alexander the Great |
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Corax
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(476) BCE
First Written Rhetoric devised a system of rules for arranging arguments |
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Socrates
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(469-399) BCE
art of persuading an ignorant multitude about justice or injustice of a matter without imparting any real instruction |
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Plato
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(420-348) BCE
Dialect approach to education. True rhetoric only takes place in interpersonal communication (DIALOGUE) |
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Aristotle
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(384-322) BCE
Art of discovering all of the available means of persuasion in a given situation. |
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Aristotle's definition of Rhetoric
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Art of discovering all of the available means of persuasion in a given situation.
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3 Kinds of Proof
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Logos
Ethos Pathos |
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Logos
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demonstrates that a thing is so. Logical or reasoned truths.
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Ethos
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Believability of the speaker. Most manipulated proof.
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Pathos
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Emotional Appeal.
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Enthymeme
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Center of Aristotle's rhetorical theory.
Allows listeners to fill in missing pieces. |
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Syllogism
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Concerned with scientific truth.
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The Romans
CQA |
Cicero
Quintillian St. Augustine |
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5 Canons of Rhetoric
INVENTIO |
Invention
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5 Canons of Rhetoric
DISPOSITIO |
Disposition
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5 Canons of Rhetoric
Elocutio |
Style
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5 Canons of Rhetoric
MEMORIA |
Memory
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5 Canons of Rhetoric
PRONUNCIATO |
Delivery
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Quintillian
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wrote "Good Man Theory"
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"No man can be an orator unless he is credible"
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Quintillian
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Traits of a Good Man
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1. free from all vice
2. lover of wisdom 3. sincere believer in the cause he advocates 4. servant to the people/state 5. places his interest after the interest of the people |
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Free from all vices
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Traits of a Good Man
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Lover of Wisdom
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Traits of a Good Man
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Sincere believer in the cause he advocates
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Traits of a Good Man
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Servant to the people/state
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Traits of a Good Man
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Places his interest after the interest of the people
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Traits of a Good Man
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Must be able to speak on both sides of the question or issue
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Functions of a Good Man
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Must know the tools of opponent
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Functions of a Good Man
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May tell falsehood
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Functions of a Good Man
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St. Augustine
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Uses emotional appeals (pathos)
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Wrote on Christian Doctrine and applied Cicero's rhetoric to the Christian Rhetoric
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St. Augustine
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Debated cases.
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Cicero
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Produce Philosophers, orators, statesmans, and Oratores
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Cicero
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Used Situational Ethics
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Quintillian
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Wrote On Christian Doctrine and applied Cicero's Rhetoric to the preaching of the Gospel
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St. Augustine
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Bristish/American
HCWB |
David Hume
Reverend George Campbell Richard Whately Kenneth Burke |
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David Hume
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1711-1776
All knowledge comes from experience. |
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"God can be neither proven or disproven"
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David Hume
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Miracles violate law of nature
Can not prove/ disprove Belief in miracles is a result of faith not reason |
View of Testimony as it relates to Miracles
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Wrote a dissertation on miracles as an answer to David Hume's skepticism
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Reverend George Campbell
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Religious moderate who defended scriptures both in sermons and writings.
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Reverend George Campbell
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Closely reasoned his beliefs with other evidence.
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Reverend George Campbell
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Philosophy of Rhetoric-most comprehensive and original treatment.
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Reverend George Campbell
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OK to pul information from secular sources
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Reverend George Campbell
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evidence
analogy calculation testimony |
4 types of moral reasoning
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Miracles are capable of proof from
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Testimony
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"Testimony has a special affinity with experience because it derives from the observation of others"
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Reverend George Campbell
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"The Bible alone is the religion of Protestants"
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Richard Whately
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Wrote Elements of Rhetoric
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Richard Whately
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Burden of Proof
Presumption |
Specific contributions by Richard Whately
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"It must stand good, until some sufficent reason is adduced against it"
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Richard Whately
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"No meaningful debate on a controversial question can proceed, unless it is first determined where the presumption lies."
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Richard Whately
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Wrote Two Books:
"A Grammar of Motives" "A Rhetoric of Motives" |
Kenneth Burke
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"You can persuade a man only insofar as you can talk his language by speech, gesture, tonality, order, image, attitude, idea, identifying your ways with his"
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Kenneth Burke
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Identification of your audience
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Kenneth Burke
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Sum of person's knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes
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Frame of Reference
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SIMILARITIES
speaking + conversation |
organized thoughts
tailoring message to an audience telling story for maximum impact adapt to feedback |
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DIFFERENCES
speaking + conversation |
highly structured
public speaking requires more formal language different method of delivery |
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Ethnocentrism
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idea that one group or culture is superior to all others.
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Ethics
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Deals with the issues of right and wrong in human affairs
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Ethical Decisions
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Weighing potential course of action against ethical standards
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3 types of plagiarism
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Global
Patchwork Incremental |
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Stealing speech from a single sources and passing it off as one's own
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Global plagiarism
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Stealing ideas, language from 2 or 3 sources and passing it off as one's own.
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Patchwork plagiarism
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Failing to give credit for parts of speech borrowed from others.
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Incremental plagiarism
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