Speech Exam Study Guide

Front 1

What does “logos” mean?

Back 1

Reason and judgement

Front 2

What does pathos mean?

Back 2

An appeal to the emotions

Front 3

What does Aristotle mean when he talks about logic?

Back 3

The appeal to reason

Front 4

With reference to the Toulmin Method, what is a rebuttal?

Back 4

What a speaker says to counter a counter-argument

Front 5

What is chronological organization?

Back 5

Information organized according to time

Front 6

What is process-organized information?

Back 6

Information organized according to process

Front 7

What is spatial organization?

Back 7

Information organized according to physical location in space

Front 8

How did John F. Kennedy organize the speech discussed?

Back 8

Spatially

Front 9

Why is a pros vs. cons organizational structure useful for a political speech?

Back 9

It allows the audience to weigh up sides of an argument

Front 10

There are two types of logic.

Back 10

False

Front 11

There are two types of reason.

Back 11

True

Front 12

Deductive reason is the process of inferring general principles or rules from specific facts.

Back 12

False

Front 13

Deductive reason is the process of deriving a reliable generalization from known facts.

Back 13

False

Front 14

The claim of an argument is the overall "theory" you are asserting.

Back 14

True

Front 15

Spatial organization means organizing information according to cause and effect

Back 15

False

Front 16

Which of the following did Aristotle say?

Back 16

Naturalness is persuasive, artificiality is the contrary.

Front 17

Which of the following is one of Aristotle’s means of persuasion?

Back 17

The language of a speech

Front 18

Which of the following did Aristotle say?

Back 18

Nobody uses fine language when teaching geometry.

Front 19

What is the definition of “language register”?

Back 19

A variety of language used for a particular purpose or social setting

Front 20

Why does Sarah Palin use an informal language register in her speech?

Back 20

To create rapport with her audience

Front 21

Why is strongly emotive language rarely used to describe enemies in political speeches nowadays?

Back 21

Because it shows obvious bias and irrational hatred

Front 22

Which of the following are literary techniques commonly used in speech-making?

Back 22

Repetition, anaphora, the list of three

Front 23

What is the literary technique of “anaphora”?

Back 23

Repeating the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses

Front 24

Why is the list of three so effective?

Back 24

No one knows exactly why.

Front 25

Which of the following is the phrase “Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country” an example of?

Back 25

The inverted phrase

Front 26

Why are the techniques of metaphor and simile only rarely used in speeches?

Back 26

They are considered too “fanciful.”

Front 27

The words of a speech should always be as “fancy” as possible.

Back 27

False

Front 28

Impressing your audience is not the same as persuading them.

Back 28

True

Front 29

Having a common language system can instantly create a kind of rapport between people.

Back 29

True

Front 30

Emotive language should be used subtly in speeches.

Back 30

True

Front 31

How do we express our character in a speech?

Back 31

Through words, dress, and body language

Front 32

What is self-efficacy?

Back 32

Having a belief in your own efficacy

Front 33

How can you improve your self-esteem?

Back 33

By challenging your negative self-beliefs

Front 34

What is mindfulness?

Back 34

Giving your full awareness to a task

Front 35

How can mindfulness help when it comes to public speaking?

Back 35

Awareness of our thoughts can help us control our fears

Front 36

Why is it a good idea to have note cards rather than a fully written-out speech?

Back 36

Reading directly from a sheet of paper makes it difficult to sound natural

Front 37

What can background images be used for in a public speech?

Back 37

To emphasise the point the speaker is making

Front 38

How can you learn to maintain a clear, level, and loud voice?

Back 38

By practicing

Front 39

How can you practice the pacing of a speech?

Back 39

By practicing it aloud

Front 40

Good public speakers are always very confident people in the first place.

Back 40

False

Front 41

It's vital to have very high self-esteem when delivering a speech.

Back 41

False

Front 42

Learning a new musical instrument can help to improve your sense of self-efficacy.

Back 42

True

Front 43

Those who have high self-esteem are naturally more able to deal with stressful life events than those with low self-esteem.

Back 43

True

Front 44

Faking it till you make it really does work.

Back 44

True

Front 45

Having a very complicated slideshow background for a presentation is always a good idea.

Back 45

False

Front 46

Which of the following behaviors signal deception?

Back 46

Excessive sweating

Front 47

Why is it not a good idea to use hand gestures below waist level?

Back 47

Because it can convey deception

Front 48

What should you say if you don’t know the answer to an audience member’s question?

Back 48

I don’t have that information right now, but I’ll find out for you.

Front 49

How should you behave if you encounter a hostile questioner?

Back 49

Remain calm and polite

Front 50

Why should you avoid dairy products before giving an important speech?

Back 50

They create extra mucus in your airway

Front 51

How can you avoid being monotonous when giving a speech?

Back 51

Vary tone and emphasis

Front 52

Why is it important not just to practice reading a speech but also to “perform” a speech?

Back 52

To practice body language and facial expressions

Front 53

Why should you speak more slowly than usual when giving a speech?

Back 53

To allow the audience to really consider your words

Front 54

Why should you be careful not to speak too slowly when giving a public speech?

Back 54

Because it could become boring

Front 55

Why is presentation so important to the success of a speech?

Back 55

Because it conveys the character of the speaker

Front 56

The body language of a liar is similar to the body language of someone who is nervous.

Back 56

True

Front 57

We always know when we are reading a person’s body language.

Back 57

False

Front 58

Standing with your head slightly bowed is a good posture for a speech.

Back 58

False

Front 59

A speaker’s facial expression can be used for pathos.

Back 59

True

Front 60

Mirroring the audience’s reaction can help create rapport.

Back 60

True

Front 61

What is the difference between a snap judgement and evaluation?

Back 61

Being able to pinpoint flaws

Front 62

Which of the following are all involved in the evaluation of the presentation of a speech?

Back 62

Visual aids, vocal technique, body language

Front 63

Why should a speaker not speak in monotone

Back 63

It can be boring and can reduce emotional affect

Front 64

Which of the following are involved in creating a strong argument?

Back 64

Structure, logical inference, counter-argument

Front 65

Assessing an argument also involves looking out for:

Back 65

Bias

Front 66

What is the purpose of an introduction to a persuasive speech?

Back 66

To give the audience an idea of the speaker’s character

Front 67

How should we assess the use of literary techniques in a speech?

Back 67

In terms of how effective they have been

Front 68

Why is it useful to self-evaluate?

Back 68

So as to find areas for improvement

Front 69

Anyone can critically evaluate a speech.

Back 69

False

Front 70

Anyone can make a judgment on a speech.

Back 70

True

Front 71

A speech should never go over and above the audience’s expectations.

Back 71

False

Front 72

You must say only exactly what the audience wants you to say.

Back 72

False

Front 73

Only very complex arguments need a counterargument.

Back 73

False

Front 74

The Toulmin Method involves a counterargument.

Back 74

True

Front 75

Vested interests can suggest a claim is biased.

Back 75

True