Special Senses

Front 1

Mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball

Back 1

Conjunctiva

Front 2

Bony cavity of the skull that encases the eye

Back 2

Orbit

Front 3

Glands that secrete tears

Back 3

Lacrimal glands

Front 4

Channel that carry tears to the eyes

Back 4

Lacrimal ducts

Front 5

Ducts that carry tears from the lacrimal glands to the nose

Back 5

Nasolacrimal ducts

Front 6

Oil glands along the edges of the eyelid that lubricate the eye

Back 6

Tarsal glands, meibomian glands

Front 7

Watery fluid that fills the anterior chamber of the eye between the lens and the cornea

Back 7

Aqueous humor

Front 8

Transparent outer covering of the eye

Back 8

Cornea

Front 9

Colored muscular part of the eye located behind the cornea that allows light to pass through

Back 9

Iris

Front 10

Tough fibrous outer layer of the eye (white of the eye) that extends from the cornea to the optic nerve

Back 10

Sclera

Front 11

Middle layer of the eye that contains blood vessels

Back 11

Choroid

Front 12

Transparent structure behind the pupil that bends and focuses light rays

Back 12

Lens

Front 13

Opening in the middle of the iris through which light passes

Back 13

Pupil

Front 14

Jelly-like fluid that fills the posterior chamber of the eye between the lens and the retina

Back 14

Vitreous humor

Front 15

Posterior portion of the interior of the eyeball, visable through the ophthalmoscope

Back 15

Fundus

Front 16

Cranial nerve 1 that carries impulses from the retina to the brain to provide the sense of light

Back 16

Optic nerve CN1

Front 17

Innermost layer of the eye that contains visual receptors (rods or cones)

Back 17

Retina

Front 18

Blepharo

Back 18

Eyelid

Front 19

Cry/o

Back 19

Cold

Front 20

Dacry/o

Back 20

Tears, lacrimal duct

Front 21

Dipl/o

Back 21

Double, two

Front 22

Kerat/o

Back 22

Cornea

Front 23

Lacrim/o

Back 23

Tears

Front 24

Ocul/o

Back 24

Eye

Front 25

Ophthalm/o

Back 25

Eye

Front 26

Opt/o

Back 26

Vision

Front 27

Phot/o

Back 27

Light

Front 28

Presby/o

Back 28

Relating to aging

Front 29

Scler/o

Back 29

Hard, sclera

Front 30

Ton/o

Back 30

Tension, pressure

Front 31

Bi, bin

Back 31

Two, twice

Front 32

Choroido-

Back 32

The choroid

Front 33

Ictero-

Back 33

Jaundice

Front 34

-ectasia, -ectasis

Back 34

Dilation, stretching

Front 35

-lysis

Back 35

Destruction, break down, separation

Front 36

-opia, -opsia

Back 36

Vision

Front 37

-pexy

Back 37

Surgical fixation

Front 38

-plegia

Back 38

Paralysis

Front 39

-ptosis

Back 39

Prolapse, drooping, sagging

Front 40

-trophia

Back 40

To turn

Front 41

Ability of the eye to adjust focus on near objects

Back 41

Accommodation

Front 42

Binocular

Back 42

Pertaining to both eyes

Front 43

Iridal, iridial

Back 43

Pertaining to the iris

Front 44

Poor vision, usually in only one eye, caused by abnormal development of the visual areas; lazy eye

Back 44

Amblyopia

Front 45

Distorted blurry vision caused by abnormal curvature of the cornea and or lens

Back 45

Astigmatism

Front 46

Clouding of the lens of the eye causing poor vision

Back 46

Cataract

Front 47

Inflamation of the eyelid from a blocked tarsal gland

Back 47

Chalazion, meibomian cyst

Front 48

Inflammation of the lacrimal gland

Back 48

Dacryoadenitis

Front 49

Inflammation of the lacrimal sac

Back 49

Dacryocystitis

Front 50

Stone in the lacrimal sac or lacrimal ducts

Back 50

Dacryolith

Front 51

Diplopia

Back 51

Double vision

Front 52

Abnormal protrusion of one or both eyelids

Back 52

Exophthalmos

Front 53

Group of diseases of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the optic nerve

Back 53

Glaucoma

Front 54

Infection of an oil gland in the eyelid; sty

Back 54

Hordeolum

Front 55

Nearsightedness

Back 55

Myopia

Front 56

Poor vision in reduced light or at night; night blindness

Back 56

Nyctalopia

Front 57

Involuntary rhythmic movements of the eye

Back 57

Nystagmus

Front 58

Condition of the eye characterized by severe conjunctivitis

Back 58

Ophthalmia

Front 59

Any disease of the eye

Back 59

Ophthalmopathy

Front 60

Paralysis of the eye muscle

Back 60

Ophthalmoplegia

Front 61

Extreme sensitivity to light

Back 61

Photophobia

Front 62

Impaired vision caused by old age

Back 62

Presbyopia

Front 63

Growth of conjuctival tissue over the cornea; usually associated with prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light

Back 63

Pterygium

Front 64

Hereditary progressive deterioration of the retina casing nyctalopia and impaired vision

Back 64

Retinitis pigmentosa

Front 65

Abnormal alignment of the eye caused by intraocular muscle imbalance; cross eyes

Back 65

Strabismus

Front 66

Excessive dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea usually associated with vitamin A deficiency; dry eyes

Back 66

Xerophthalmia

Front 67

Movement of the upper eyelids and eyeballs through use of the extraocular muscles; assessed during clinical examination to screen for eye movement disorders

Back 67

Extraocular movement (EOM)

Front 68

Visualization and photographic recording of the flow of an orange fluorescent dye through the blood vessels of the eye

Back 68

Fluorescein angiography

Front 69

Intrument used for measuring the curvature of the cornea

Back 69

Keratometer

Front 70

Instrument used for examining the interior of the eye through the pupil

Back 70

Ophthalmoscope

Front 71

Instrument used for measuring the diameter of the pupil

Back 71

Pupillometer

Front 72

Measurement of the pupil

Back 72

Pupillometry

Front 73

Test using a manual refractor to determine an exact prescription for corrective lenses

Back 73

Refraction

Front 74

Examination of the retina

Back 74

Retinoscopy

Front 75

Chart containing letters that is used to test visual sharpness (acuity)

Back 75

Snellen chart

Front 76

Instrument used for measuring pressure within the eye

Back 76

Tonometer

Front 77

Testing for the sharpness of distant vision, usually with a snellen chart

Back 77

Visual acuity test

Front 78

Assessment of the range visible to one eye without movement

Back 78

Visual field testing

Front 79

Surgical fixation if a detached retina or retinal tear by using extreme cold to seal the tear

Back 79

Cryoretinopexy

Front 80

Incision into the lacrimal sac

Back 80

Dacryocystotomy

Front 81

Removal of an eyeball

Back 81

Enucleation

Front 82

Procedure that uses a laser to create a corneal flap and reshape the corneal tissue; used to correct vision problems such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism

Back 82

Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)

Front 83

Use of ultrasound to shatter and break up a cataract followed by aspiration and removal

Back 83

Phacoemulsification

Front 84

Procedure using a laser to reshape the cornea to correct vision

Back 84

Photorefractive leratectomy (PRK)

Front 85

Repair of a retinal detachment or tear by using a laser beam to coagulate the tissues to allow a seal to form

Back 85

Retinal photocoagulation

Front 86

Repair of retinal detachment by attaching a band around the sclera to keep the retina from pulling away

Back 86

Scleral buckling

Front 87

Surgical procedure to create a drain to reduce pressure within the eye

Back 87

Trabeculectomy

Front 88

Drug that reduces inflammation

Back 88

Corticosteroid

Front 89

Drug used to relieve dry irritated eyes

Back 89

Hypotonic

Front 90

Drug used to restrict the pupil

Back 90

Miotic

Front 91

Drug used to dilate the pupil

Back 91

Mydriatic

Front 92

Drug that relaxes muscles in the eyes interior to allow better outflow of fluids

Back 92

Prostaglandin

Front 93

One who fills prescriptions for corrective lenses

Back 93

Optician

Front 94

Abbreviations for right eye

Back 94

(Occulus dexter) OD

Front 95

Abbreviation for left eye

Back 95

Oculus sinister OS

Front 96

Abbreviation for each eye or both eyes

Back 96

Oculus uterque OU

Front 97

External portion of the ear that directs sound waves

Back 97

Auricle; pinna

Front 98

Passage leading inward from the auricle to the tympanic membrane

Back 98

External auditory meatus

Front 99

Waxy substance produced by glans of the external auditory canal

Back 99

Cerumen

Front 100

Eardrum; a semitransparent membrane that vibrates to transmit sound waves to ossicles;

Back 100

Tympanic membrane

Front 101

Canal that connects the middle ear to the pharynx

Back 101

Auditory tube; pharyngotympanic tube, eustachian tube

Front 102

3 smaller bones (malleus, incus, stapes) of the middle ear that transmit sound waves

Back 102

Auditory ossicles

Front 103

Largest auditory ossicle; shaped like a hammer or club

Back 103

Malleus

Front 104

Middle auditory ossicle; shaped like an anvil

Back 104

Incus

Front 105

Smallest auditory ossicle; shaped like a stirrup

Back 105

Stapes

Front 106

Inner ear; made up of a series of semicircular ducts, the vestibule, and the cochlea

Back 106

Labyrinth

Front 107

Snail shaped organ that contains the organ of hearing

Back 107

Cochlea

Front 108

Receptor of hearing located within the cochlea

Back 108

Organ of Corti

Front 109

Anatomic chamber such as that found in the inner ear

Back 109

Vestibule

Front 110

Three bony tubes in the labyrinth that contain receptors that assist in maintaining balance

Back 110

Semicircular canals

Front 111

Three small membranous tubes of the vestibular labyrinth within the bony semicircular canal

Back 111

Semicircular ducts

Front 112

Sensory cranial nerve within the labyrinth that consists of two branches, the vestibular nerve (for balance) and the cochlear nerve (for hearing)

Back 112

Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

Front 113

Acous/o

Back 113

Hearing, sound

Front 114

Audi/o

Back 114

Hearing

Front 115

Aur/I, aur/o

Back 115

Ear

Front 116

Cochle/o

Back 116

Cochlea

Front 117

Labyrinth/o

Back 117

Labyrinth, inner ear

Front 118

Mastoid/o

Back 118

Mastoid cells, mastoid process

Front 119

Tympanic membrane, eardrum

Back 119

Myring/o

Front 120

Ot/o

Back 120

Ear

Front 121

Scler/o

Back 121

Hard, sclera

Front 122

Staped/o

Back 122

Stapes

Front 123

Tympan/o

Back 123

Tympanic membrane, eardrum

Front 124

Vestibul/o

Back 124

Vestibule

Front 125

Dys-

Back 125

Painful, difficult, abnormal

Front 126

Meato-

Back 126

Passage, external opening of a canal

Front 127

-acousis, -acusis

Back 127

Hearing

Front 128

-algia

Back 128

Pain

Front 129

-ectomy

Back 129

Surgical removal

Front 130

-stomy

Back 130

Surgical opening

Front 131

A benign but life-threatening tumor that develops in the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII); causes hearing loss and balance problems

Back 131

Acoustic neuroma

Front 132

Excessive buildup of earwax

Back 132

Crum impaction

Front 133

Cyst-like tumor of skin in the middle ear behind the tympanic membrane that grows into the bone; usually caused by chronic otitis media

Back 133

Cholesteatoma

Front 134

Hearing loss due to a lesion in the external auditory canal or middle ear

Back 134

Conductive hearing loss

Front 135

Any hearing impairment involving difficulty in the processing of sound

Back 135

Dysacusid; dysacousia

Front 136

Chronic disorder of the inner ear caused by fluid accumulation in the labyrinth and characterized by dizziness, tinnitus, hearing loss and a sensation of pressure in the ear

Back 136

Meniere disease or meniere syndrome

Front 137

Inflammation of the tympanic membrane

Back 137

Myringitis

Front 138

Pain in the ear

Back 138

Otalia

Front 139

Inflammation of the external auditory canal; swimmer's ear

Back 139

Otitis externa (OE)

Front 140

Inflamation of the middle ear

Back 140

Otitis media(OM)

Front 141

Fungal infection in the ear

Back 141

Otomycosis

Front 142

Discharge of pus from the ear

Back 142

Otopyorrhea

Front 143

Discharge from the ear

Back 143

Otorrhea

Front 144

Impaired hearing caused by old age

Back 144

Presbycusis

Front 145

Hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear or thr cochlear branch if cranial nerve VIII

Back 145

Sensorineural hearing loss

Front 146

Noises in the ear, such as ringing, buzzing, or humming

Back 146

Tinnitus

Front 147

A hole or rupture of the eardrum

Back 147

Tympanic membrane perforation

Front 148

A spinning sensation; dizziness

Back 148

Vertigo

Front 149

Unit for expressing the intensity of sound

Back 149

Decibel dB

Front 150

Recording of eye movements in response to electrical impulses to diagnose balance problems

Back 150

Electronystagmography (ENG)

Front 151

Unit of measure of frequency or pitch of sound

Back 151

Hertz Hz

Front 152

-gram

Back 152

Record

Front 153

-meter

Back 153

Instrument used for measuring

Front 154

-metry

Back 154

Measurements

Front 155

Irrigation of the ear to remove cerumen buildup

Back 155

Ear lavage

Front 156

Placement of a small tube through the tympanic membrane to relieve symptoms caused by fluid buildup

Back 156

Tympanostomy tube placement

Front 157

Drug that acts against microorganisms

Back 157

Antibiotic

Front 158

A substance instilled into the external auditory canal to soften wax

Back 158

Ceruminolytic

Front 159

Any medication that can be instilled drop by drop into the ear

Back 159

Otic

Front 160

Medical specialty concerned with diseases of the ear, nose and throat

Back 160

Otorhinolaryngology