Special Senses

Front 1

general senses of touch

Back 1

temp, pressure, pain

Front 2

special senses

Back 2

smell, taste, sight, hearing, equilibrium

Front 3

eye and vision

Back 3

70% of all sensory receptors are in the eye

Front 4

protection for the eye

Back 4

most of the eye is enclosed in a bony orbit, and a cushion of fat surrounds the eye

Front 5

accessory structures of the eye

Back 5

eyelids and eyelashes, conjunctiva, lacrimal apparatus, extrinsic eye muscles

Front 6

tarsal glands

Back 6

lubricates the eye

Front 7

ciliary glands

Back 7

located between the eyelashes

Front 8

conjunctiva

Back 8

membrane that lines the eye lid, connect to the surface of the eye, secretes mucus to lubricate the eye

Front 9

lacrimal gland

Back 9

produces tears(lacrimal fluid)

Front 10

lacrimal canal

Back 10

drains lacrimal fluid from eyes

Front 11

pupil

Back 11

rounded opening in iris

Front 12

retina

Back 12

2 layers; outer pigmented layer, inner neural layer; contains rods and cones

Front 13

optic disc

Back 13

(blind spot) where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball

Front 14

lacrimal sac

Back 14

provides passage of lacrimal fluid towards nasal cavity

Front 15

function of the lacrimal apparatus

Back 15

protects, moistens, and lubricates eye, and empties into nasal cavity

Front 16

properties of lacrimal fluid

Back 16

dilute salt solution(tears), contains antibodies and lysozyme

Front 17

schlera

Back 17

white of the eye

Front 18

layers of the eye

Back 18

fibrous (outside) layer, vascular (middle) layer, sensory (inside) layer

Front 19

cornea

Back 19

allows light to pass through, transparent

Front 20

choroid

Back 20

a blood rich nutritive layer in the posterior of the eye

Front 21

ciliary body

Back 21

smooth muscle attached to lens

Front 22

iris

Back 22

regulates amount of light entering eye, gives eye its color

Front 23

Rods

Back 23

Night vision, most are found towards the edges of the retainer, allow dim light vision and peripheral vision

Front 24

optic chiasma

Back 24

location where the optic nerves cross

Front 25

optic tracts

Back 25

contains fibers from the lateral side of the eye on the same side and the medial side of the opposite side

Front 26

eye reflexes

Back 26

internal muscles are controlled by the autonomic nervous system

Front 27

pupil

Back 27

bright light causes pupils to constrict through action of radial circular and ciliary muscle

Front 28

eye movement

Back 28

external muscles control eye movement to follow objects

Front 29

convergence

Back 29

viewing close objects cause this,(eyes moving medially)

Front 30

emmetropia

Back 30

eye focuses images correctly on the retina

Front 31

myopia

Back 31

near sighted

Front 32

hyperopia

Back 32

farsighted

Front 33

astigmatism

Back 33

images are blurry, results from light focusing as Lines, not points, on the retina due to unequal curvatures of the cornea or lens

Front 34

cones

Back 34

allow for detailed color vision, densest in the center of the retina

Front 35

Night blindness

Back 35

inhibited rod function that hinders the ability to see at night

Front 36

Color blindness

Back 36

genetic conditions that result in an inability to see certain colors

Front 37

cataracts

Back 37

when lens becomes hard and opaque our vision becomes hazy and distorted

Front 38

glaucoma

Back 38

can cause blindness due to increasing pressure within the eye

Front 39

hemianopia

Back 39

loss of the same side on the visual cortex on one side only

Front 40

the ear houses two senses

Back 40

hearing and equilibrium(balance)

Front 41

ear

Back 41

divided into 3 parts; external(outer), middle(tympanic), inner(bong labyrinth)

Front 42

colorblindness

Back 42

The result of lack of one cone type

Front 43

cataracts

Back 43

result when the lens become hard and opaque with age

Front 44

anterior

Back 44

aqueous segment

Front 45

posterior

Back 45

vitreous segment

Front 46

ophthalmoscope

Back 46

instrument used to illuminate the interior of the eyeball

Front 47

ophthalmoscope

Back 47

can detect diabetes, arteriolosclerosis, degeneration of the optic nerve and retina

Front 48

accommodation

Back 48

the lens must change shape to focus on closer objects <20 feet away

Front 49

real images

Back 49

reversed from left to right, upside down, smaller than object

Front 50

external ear

Back 50

involved in hearing only; contains the auricle(pinna), external acoustic meatus(auditory canal)