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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How long does Earth’s rotation take? |
24 hours |
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How long does it take Earth to complete one revolution around the sun? |
1 year |
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Why does Earth have seasons? |
Because Earth’s axis is tilted as it moves around the sun. |
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When the north end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun, describe the sunlight and day length in North America. |
More direct rays and longer days |
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What does the moon phase we see from Earth depend on? |
how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth |
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How must the Earth, sun and moon be ordered to experience a solar eclipse? |
the moon must be directly between Earth and the sun |
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What did Galileo see on the moon’s surface? |
round pits called craters |
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How do scientists think the moon was formed? |
a large object struck Earth, and ejected material from the collision combined |
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Describe the position of the Earth during an equinox. |
neither end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward or away from the sun |
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When does the moon appear to be cut in half? |
first quarter and third quarter phase |
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What law says that all objects are attracted to each other? |
the force of gravity |
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What event began the Space Race? |
The Soviet Union launched Sputnik I |
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Who was competing in the Space Race? |
the United States and the Soviet Union |
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What is the space shuttle? |
A reusable spacecraft that can be used many times to carry astronauts into orbit |
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What do both reflecting and refracting telescopes do with visible light? |
gather and focus visible light |
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What characteristics are used to classify stars? |
size, brightness, temperature, color, composition |
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When nuclear fusion starts, what is happening to a star? |
it is dying |
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What does the lifetime of a star depend on? |
it’s mass |
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What is a supernova? |
the explosion of a dying high-mass star |
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What type of galaxy is the Milky Way? |
spiral galaxy |
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What is the name of the theory that scientists believe formed the universe? |
Big bang theory |
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What did the solar system form from? |
a giant cloud of gas and dust |
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What happens to Earth in a heliocentric system? |
Earth revolves around the Sun |
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What do all of the inner planets have in common? |
They all are small and have rocky surfaces |
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Where is the asteroid belt located in the solar system? |
between Mars and Jupiter |
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Where do meteoroids come from? |
comets or asteroidsliquid water |
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What are the conditions necessary for life on Earth? |
liquid water |
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What are the reasons that scientists think that Mars once may have had life? |
evidence that liquid water was once present |
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What are Saturn’s rings made mostly of? |
chunks of ice and rock |
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Why is Uranus different from most other planets? |
rotates on its side |
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Why is Jupiter unique? |
It is the largest and most massive planet |
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What causes day and night? |
Earth’s rotation on its axis |
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What are the flat areas on the moon’s surface? |
maria |
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Because galaxies are moving away from each other, what can be said about the universe? |
it is expanding |
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What is the minimum number of stars in a star system |
2 |
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What model shows Earth as the center of the solar system |
geocentric |
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Where is the Great Red Spot found? |
Jupiter |
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. Why can the moon be seen from the Earth? |
because sunlight reflects off the moon’s surface |
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When a shuttle returns from a mission, how does it land? |
like an airplane |
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Stars begin as a large cloud of gas and dust. What is this called? |
nebula |
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Draw a picture of and name each of the 8 moon phases in the order that they occur. |
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How much time passes between a new moon and a full moon? |
about 15 days |
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Draw the two gibbous moons. |
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