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106 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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To change an individual |
have to find out what makes them tick |
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Ivan Pavlov |
Classical conditioning known for experiment with dogs |
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acquisition |
pair unconditioned response (drool) and unconditioned stimulus (bell) to a conditioned stimulus |
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5 triggers that can be set on athletes |
auditory-sound visual-sight olfactory-smell kinesthetic-touch gustatory-taste |
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generalization |
where C.R. follows a stimulus that is similar to original stimulus (dog reacts to all bell tones) |
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discrimination |
only that particular stimulus makes it click (hear bell, but not the same tone so it doesn't react) |
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How to set trigger |
get them to the high point, and as soon as they are high, do the stimulus blow the whistle when they are pumped up |
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extinction |
present C.S. and it no longer creates C.R. over used re-association of trigger |
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spontaneous recovery |
can only happen after extinction temporary reappearance of C.R. after extinction why couples hookup 1 more time |
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2nd order conditioning |
C.S. triggers another C.S. doctors office smell... leads to other offices smells making fear |
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phobia |
generalize to all situations |
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habituation |
reduced responses to repeated stimulus still gets the reaction, but not the same |
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law of effect |
if a response is rewarded in presence of stimulus, then the same response will most likely happen again |
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B.F. Skinner |
operant conditioning |
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Tabula Rasa |
blank state if young enough, I can create anything I want |
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reinforcers |
stimulus events that increase likelihood that response will happen again |
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shaping |
closer to desired response |
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how do you shape? |
positive reinforcement negative reinforcement punishment 1 and 2 |
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positive reinforcement |
introduce pleasant stimulus (gain, get, obtain, have) |
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negative reinforcement |
take away or remove unpleasant stimulus (avoid, get away from, not have happen) |
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punishment 1 |
introduce unpleasant stimuli |
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punishment 2 |
also known as penalty take away pleasant stimuli |
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escape conditioning |
learn a response that stops a negative stimulus (dog with shocking box- move to new spot) |
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avoidance conditioning |
learn behavior/response that will avoid negative stimulus all together (don't answer phone if don't like person) |
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learned helplessness |
nothing you can do to get away from negative stimulus (dog laying down) |
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primary reinforcers |
stimulus that satisfies physiological need for survival when i was born, did i know this was important (food water heat shelter) |
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secondary reinforcers |
stimulus that people grow to like/want more powerful than primary reinforcers most of the time we are motivated by secondary |
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latent learning |
learn something but don't show that you learned it till a later date when adults say things that their parents said |
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schedules of reinforcement |
continuous fixed ratio fixed interval varied ratio varied interval |
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interval |
refers to time |
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ratio |
refers to numbers of times |
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continuous |
-anytime subject does something right you reward them -the first time you don't reward they stop behavior -least effective -can be rewarded with pos or neg reinforcement |
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fixed ratio
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-has to happen a fixed number before rewarding -you get more behavior that you want before rewarding -20:1 |
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fixed interval |
-every x times before rewarding -the word "times" does not mean interval |
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varied ratio |
-used in casinos - random #'s.. baskets made, shots made |
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varied interval |
-used in casinos - random "times"- mins, days, months |
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Signmund Freud |
5 criticisms |
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1st criticism |
unconscious can't see it so you can't measure it |
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2nd criticism |
male the people he studied were all male |
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3rd criticism |
crazy the people that he studied all had extreme mental issues |
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4th criticism |
drugs he was high on cocaine when he wrote analytic theory |
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5th criticism |
not predictive
it was only descriptive, there was no offer of predictions |
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unconscious has 3 parts
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ID, EGO, SUPEREGO |
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ID |
desires/wants pleasure principle |
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SUPEREGO |
moral standards morality principle guilt and shame |
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EGO |
reality principle
your negotiator get things but in the right way |
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Managing internal conflicts |
defense mechanisms |
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8 defense mechanisms |
denial displacement regression sublimation reaction formation projection rationalization repression |
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denial |
do not acknowledge it even though it is obvious to everyone else flirting with someone but say you aren't because you'd feel guilty if you accepted it |
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displacement |
satisfy impulse with substitute object find another way to satisfy feeling/impulse short term |
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regression |
go back to a more immature state of development temper tantrums |
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sublimation |
channeling unacceptable thoughts/feelings into socially acceptable behavior long term |
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reaction formation |
behaving in a way that is opposite of your true thoughts and behaviors that are considered unacceptable people that want to be whores become nuns halloween |
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projection
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1/3 most common attribute your own unacceptable thoughts/behavior to another person thinking about having an affair but criticize others of it hypocritical |
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rationalization |
1/3 most common inaccurate explanation of behavior using incorrect yet self-serving explanation to justify unacceptable thoughts/behaviors |
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repression |
1/3 most common keep unpleasant thoughts/memories batted up-pushed out of conscious thought |
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10 most common dreams
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what they mean |
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car troubles out of control or not working properly |
feeling powerless over something in life and going for metaphorical crash
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faulty machinery trying to operate something and not working can be a phone |
losing touch with reality feeling anxious to get in touch with someone |
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lost or trapped buried alive |
trapped in real life and unable to make right choice |
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miss a plane, boat, taxi, by fraction of a second |
believe you've missed out on opportunity in life you have a big opportunity you can make |
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failing a test normally people of out school can't find test, unprepared |
feeling tested someway in your life and feeling unprepared |
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ill or dying |
you or a loved one dying someone else dying= you want that person to go away afraid of someone leaving |
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being chased
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most common occurring nightmare feel threatened by someone/something in your life |
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bad or missing teeth |
basic=we are afraid of being found unattractive deeper=fear of embarrassment or loss of power in life |
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nudity inappropriately dressed or naked |
feeling exposed, awkward or vulnerable in your life
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falling or sinking |
one of most common overwhelmed |
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How to apply these things |
as a coach= can recognize defense mechanisms player mostly uses then avoid it/manage it/anticipate it |
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Habits of Thought |
motivation direction motivation source learning styles information processing distractions projects adversity/setbacks dealing with adversity society approach project |
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motivation direction |
toward vs away from |
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toward |
what will I get out of it? achieve, get gain motivate by: how good it'll be to beat 1st round draft pick positive reinforcement |
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away from |
avoid, get away from, allude, dodge motivate by: won't it feel god when its over and you didn't lose ill bench you if you do bad negative reinforcement, punishment 1, penalty |
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motivation source |
internal vs external |
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internal |
motivates themselves they don't need outside help just tell them to do it |
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external |
need someone to give opinion need some sort of feedback yell at them, motivate them |
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learning styles |
auditory, visual, kinesthetic |
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auditory |
learn by sounds monotone is bad for them it doesn't sound right can't hear what you're saying |
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visual |
like to look at charts and visuals notes on board dress nice i can't picture it do you see what i mean |
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kinesthetic |
learn by doing involve emotions walk while reading i can't grasp it |
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information processing |
uptime vs downtime |
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uptime |
human tape records get all info then take it in after class great notes good in data dump classes |
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downtime |
processing while tim's talking bad notes- but understand need to find someone with good notes good in discussions/seminars |
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distractions |
screen vs non screener want someone that is both |
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screener |
take external stimuli and either ignore it or chose to deal with it and go back to it after dont not when people leave during test tunnel vision |
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non-screeners |
doing task.. distraction/ interruption occur and can't get back to task look up when they hear sounds affected by crowd noise |
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projects |
closer vs non closer |
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closer |
have to finish before starting another can i wait until i finish... readers procrastinate |
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non closer |
ok with never finishing anything comfortable stopping and resuming deadlines are the only way to get them to do something |
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adversity/setbacks |
cognitive vs emotional |
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cognitive |
logically think through problem don't allow emotions |
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emotional |
react emotionally
burnt toast in morning = bad day need to be pissed off to play well |
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dealing with adversity social setting |
spread it vs hold on |
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disseminate (spread it) |
tell opinion to anyone that'll listen
bleeder |
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compartmentalize (hold on) |
don't spread to anyone only keep to yourself non bleeder |
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approach project |
proactive vs planners |
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proactive |
acts without thinking jump into project without plan ill start and figure it out as we go get in too far where could've been avoided |
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planners |
anticipate everything that could go wrong think through before act plan but NEVER ACT miss opportunities because they wait too long |
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recharging battery/focus |
alone
with other people |
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alone |
let them be by themselves regain focus by being by themselves workout, smoke.. just be alone |
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with other people |
want to be around/talk to others doesn't have to talk about the problem texting people/calling people |
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convincer strategy |
immediately number of times time period never (once they are convinced, they don't go back) |
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immediately |
minute you talk to them they immediately think that they can do it completely convinced by just talking about it |
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number of times |
if i can do it right X amount of times, i am convinced i can do it |
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time period |
certain amount of time has passed |
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never |
never convinced that you can do something |
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symbolic interaction |
map=REPRESENTATION of reality symbolic interactionists change their map changing the map=changing how they act changing thoughts = changing behavior |
