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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the trend in functionalism?
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Anomie
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What is the trend in conflict perspective?
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Alienation- competing groups
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What is the trend in interactionism?
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Rationality
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What is a theory?
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A statement that seeks to explain behavior
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What did Auguste Comte do?
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Said a systematic study of society is needed to improve society. Coined the word "sociology"
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Harriet Martineau
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Studied religion, politics, child rearing and immigration. Wrote the first book on sociological method.
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Herbert Spencer
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Applied evolution to societies
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Emile Durkheim
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Anomie- loss of direction in a society when social control of individual behavior has become effective- suicide
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Max Weber
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Verstehen = insight
Ideal type = standard To analyze behavior, we must discover the meanings people attach to actions. Interactionist- rationality. |
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Karl Marx
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Critical of institutions and communist manifesto. System (economic, political) are meant to dominate
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Charles Horton Cooley
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Interactionist- learned about society through small groups
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Jane Adams
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Settlement Houses
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Robert Merton
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Deviance- trying to succeed in a different way
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Rationality?
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Deliberate, matter of fact calculation of the most efficient means to accomplish a goal
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Traditional thinking
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beliefs that are passed on
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Pager
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Jobs for felons- it is much harder for someone who has been incarcerated to get a job
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Schaefer
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Education and earnings- more education = more money, but more money as a child leads to more education = cycle
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Whyte
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Italian street corner men - observed, interactionist. Showed that lower class societies were organized. He had to be accepted into the group.
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Scarce
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Jail for court?
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Poll problem in Baghdad
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The surveys didn't reach women
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Goffman
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Advertising portrays women as dependent
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Has smoking in films increased?
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Yes
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What is the Hawthorne effect?
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When being watched, many subjects change their behavior- more productive, etc.
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What are the functions of poverty?
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Dirty work will be done.
Benefit the rich- maids, medical research. Poverty creates jos that serve the poor- social work Poor people buy things that other people won't. Can be used as examples to hold up social norms. Provide culture - blues Maintain the status quo- both the upper and the middle class Participate less in voting = politicians can ignore them |
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What are the alternatives of poverty?
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Pay higher wages
Provide counseling to the affluent There are already enough deviants There could still be a lower class, but not as poor |
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What was the "protestant ethic about?"
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Wasting time is a sin
You should listen to your calling Sex is only for making children economic order is the "devine scheme of things" |
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What was the christmas card study about?
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rich don't give many cards
people write to people of the same or higher class, but only receive cards from the same or lower class |
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What are the four research methods?
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Survey, observation, experiment, secondary analysis
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What is a problem with a survey and observation?
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Won't reach all people, can be biased. Observation can create the "Hawthorne effect" = not reliable
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Problem with an experiment? Problems with secondary analysis?
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Experiments do not always truly recreate reali life
Secondary analysis does not guarantee that the researcher will find exactly what they need. |
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What are the steps in sociological method?
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Define the problem.
Formulate the hypothesis. Review the literature. Choose research design. Conclusion and reporting. |
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What is collin's study of black executives in corporate america?
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I don't know!
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What historical developments and social processes led to the development of sociology?
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educated middle class. social problems- immigration, child labor. the desire for policial change.
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What are the different categories of suicide?
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anomic = weak social control
fatalistic = strong social control like inmates on death row egoistic = psychological problems, weak social control altruistic = strong social control, like an honor killing |
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What is a dysfunction?
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An element of society that may disrupt the social system or reduce stability
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What is the feminist view?
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Inequity in gender as central to all behavior. Women's subordination is inherent to capitalist societies
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What is the sociological imagination?
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The awarness of a relationship between an individual and wider society
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What is a manifest function?
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The open, stated, conscious function
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What is a latent function?
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An unconscious or unstated function
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