Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Describe the fertility trend in the US
|
-By the 1900 the fertility rate dropped by half
-Baby boom in early decades of 20th century -Baby bust soon after due to new contraceptive methods |
|
|
What happened to produced the drastic decline of the fertility rate in early US
|
-Rural-agricultural to urban industrial society
-Advances in science and technology which changed people's views in the world |
|
|
What events lead to the baby boom
|
-Expansion of postwar economy
-Government policies were aimed at helping young families get started |
|
|
What are the costs of parenthood
|
-Financial costs
-Time, energy, and emotional costs -Lifestyle disruptions |
|
|
What are the benefits of parenthood
|
-Emotional bonds
-Adult status -Fun and enjoyment |
|
|
Why do some people choose to not have children
|
Due to:
-career and marital considerations -desire for personal fulfillment -uncertainty about parenting skills -environmental concerns -influence of antinatalist forces |
|
|
Discuss the trends given for delayed parenthood
|
-acceptance of singlehood as a positive lifestyle
-changes in gender role expectations -apprehensions about high divorce rate -improved contraception -successful child bearing in older women due to new productive techonology |
|
|
What are the reasons for delayed parenthood
|
-fewer children
-time to adjust to marriage -emotionally mature, stable, and responsible -career-oriented and financially secure -Better able to juggle demands of work and parenthood |
|
|
What is the motherhood mystique?
|
Belief that the ultimate achievement and fulfillment of womanhood is through motherhood
|
|
|
What are the 4 basic themes in the model of African American motherhood discussed by Patricia Hill Collins
|
-bloodmothers, othermothers, and women-centered networks
-providing as part of mothering -community othermothers and social activism -motherhood as a symbol of power |
|
|
How has the role of father changed in American society?
|
-traditional fathers leave the nurturing, caring, and rearing of children to the mother
-many of today's fathers are far more tightly bonded to their children than their fathers and grandfathers |
|
|
Explain gender differences in the experience of parenthood.
|
-Mothers have increased housework expectations and responsibilities
-Mothers' energies are more divided than the fathers' -Fathers spend only a small fraction of time on housework and child-care activities |
|
|
Describe the Authoritarian parent
|
-demands absolute obedience
-often involves the use of physical punishment to control behavior |
|
|
Describe the Permissive parent
|
-gives children autonomy and freedom to express themselves
-downplays conformity |
|
|
Describe the Authoritative parent
|
-encourages children to be autonomous and self-reliant
-generally rely on positive reinforcements, while trying to avoid punitive and repressive methods of discipline |
|
|
Describe the Uninvolved parent
|
Makes few demands on and offer little support to their children
|
|
|
Describe the parenting style of African Americans
|
-demands that their children behave well and not get into trouble with police
|
|
|
Describe the parenting style of Native Americans
|
-Varies from group to group
-share a strong sense of tribalism, family identity, and pride -stress to their children a sense of family unity, tribal identity, self-reliance, and respect for elders |
|
|
Describe the parenting style of Latinas/os
|
-Puerto Rican: Authoritarian
-Mex. Amer: Machismo, sex, and age grading characterize mexican american families and child rearing patterns -Cuban: Value lineality, children are expected to conform and to obey their parents in general |
|
|
Describe the parenting style of Asian/Pacific Islander Americans
|
-Obedience and conformity, responsibility, obligation, and loyalty to the family
-Self-control and educational achievements are expected -Discipline is typically strict and involves physical punishment |
|
|
Discuss the findings of research on children of lesbian and gay parents, as well as single parents
|
-34% of lesbian households have children
-22% of gay households have children -37% of all births in the US are to single mothers |
