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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Culture
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The ways of thinking,acting, and the material objects that make up a peoples way of life.
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Society
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People who interact in a specific territory and share culture.
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Culture Shock
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Personal confusion when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life.
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Symbol
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Anything that carries a particular meaning that people share in a culture. ( Hand signals, facial expressions, etc. )
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Language
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System of symbols that allows people to communicate with eachother.
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Cultural Transmission
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Process by which one generation passes on culture to the next.
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Sapir-Whorf thesis
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Thesis that stated people see and understand the world through a cultural lense of language. ( Each language has its own distinctive symbols that also represent expressions and emotions )
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Benjamin Whorf and Edward Sapir
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Sociologists who created the Sapir-Whorf thesis
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Values
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what people use to decide what is desirable, good, and beautiful to serve as guidelines of social living.
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Beliefs
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Specific statements that people hold to be true.
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Norms
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Rules and expectations that a society guides the behavior of its members.
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Mores/Taboos
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Norms that are widely observed and have great moral signifigance. ( Ex. Adults should not engange in sexual relations with childeran.)
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William Sumner
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Man who coined the term "mores."
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Folkways
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Norms for a routine/casual interation. (Ex. Idea's about appropriate greetings and dress.)
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Technology
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Knowledge that people use to make a way of life in their surroundings.
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Gehard Lenski
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Argued that societys level of technology is key in determining what cultural idea's and artifacts will emerge.
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Ways of Living
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Hunting and Gathering, Horticulture, Pastoralism, Agriculture, Industrial, and Post-Industrial.
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Hunting & Gathering
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The simple process that used tools for hunting and gathering. ( started 3 mil. years ago til 1,800 )
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Horticulture
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Use of hand tools to raise crops. ( Started 10,000 years ago )
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Pastoralism
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The domestification of animals. ( Breeding animals )
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Agriculture
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Large-scale cultivation using plows harnessed by animals or machine.
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Industrial
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The production of goods using advanced sources of energy to drive large machinery.
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Post-Imdustrial
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Society which we exist today. Use alot of information technology
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High Culture
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Cultural patterns that distinguish a society's elite
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Popular Culture
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Cultural patterns that are widespread among a society's population.
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Subculture
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Refers to cultural patterns that set apart some segment of society's population. ( Eagles fans and Giants fans )
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Multiculturalism
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A perspective recognizing the cultural diversity in the U.S. and promoting respect and equal standings for all cultural tradtions.
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Eurocentrism
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Dominence of european cultural patterns. ( ESPECIALLY ENGLISH )
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Afrocentrism
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Emphazing and promoting African cultural patterns
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Counterculture
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Cultural patterns that oppose those widely accepted within a society. (Crimals, Murderers, etc.)
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Cultural Integration
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The close relationships among various elements of a cultural system. (Ex. Working rate amongst women and divorce rate with women)
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Cultural Lag
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The fact that some cultural elements change more quickly than others, disrupting the cultural system. ( Ex. Testtube babies)
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William Ogburn
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Sociologist that obseved, investigated and then coined the term "cultural lag."
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Ethnocentrism
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The practice of judging anothers culture by the standards of one's own.
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Cultural Relativism
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The practice of judging a culture by its own standards.
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