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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
is a social institution through which society passes on knowledge, skills and values from one generation to the next |
education |
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is the trend of assigning higher grades than previously assigned to students for completing the same work |
grade inflation |
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is a persons combination of skills, knowledge, traits and personal attributes |
human capital |
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is an emphasis on educational degree in assessing skills and knowledge |
credentialism |
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is the impact of a teachers expectations on a students performance |
teachers expectancy effect |
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refers to lessons taught in school that are unrelated to academic learning |
hidden curriculum |
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is a social institution based on a unified system of beliefs and practices related to scared things |
religion |
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is the belief in a god or gods |
theism |
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is the belief that there is only one god |
monotheism |
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is the belief in multiple gods and demigods |
polytheism |
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focused on a set of ethical, moral or philosophical principles |
philosophies of life |
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is the practice of hounding a totem or scared object |
totemism |
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is the belief in a variety of supernatural forces that affect and influence peoples lives |
simple supernaturallism |
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is the belief that animate spirits live in natural objects and operate in the world |
animism |
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are new religious movements led by charismatic leaders with few followers |
cults |
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are religious groups that have enough members to sustain themselves and go against societies norms |
sects |
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is a large, highly organized group of believers |
church |
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is a government that is controlled by religious leaders |
theocracy |
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means connected to god or dedicated to a religious purpose |
sacred |
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means related or devoted to that which s not sacred |
profane |
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is the worship of one god while recognizing the existence of other deities |
henotheism |
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are established patterns of behaviour closely associated with experience of the sacred |
rituals |
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is the overall decline in the importance and power of religion in peoples lives |
secularization |
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is a binding force that holds society together through political and social issues |
civil religion |
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relates sacred objects to religious rituals and defines and protects the sacred from the profane |
system of beliefs |
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is a group that ensures the prosperity and effectiveness of the religious experience |
organization of believers |
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what are some issues with education and social status |
1. children of parents with university degrees are more likely to attain degrees themselves 2. lower-class are less likely to attend post-secondary institutions 3. it reproduces social inequality |
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what are the five myths of modern education |
1 myth of the individual 2. myth of the nation as a group of individuals 3. myth of progress 4. myth of socialization and life cycle continuity 5. myth of the state as the guardian of the nation |
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this theory suggests that labelling can create a self fulfilling prophecy; and that teacher expectancy affects the way in which a student may feel about themselves and thus the way the perform |
symbolic interactionism teacher expectancy effect |
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this theory states that education is a social institution which helps society to run smoothly and promotes social stability; it has five components in society |
functionalism: functions of education |
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what are the five functions of education in the functionalism theory |
1. transmission of knowledge and skills 2. research 3. social integration 4. social placement 5. latent functions |
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explain the conflict theory of education |
hidden curriculum may be at work to further teach ideology that legitimizes inequality, sexism, racism, ect. education is used to teach values of society to individuals; both good and bad; teaches to follow orders, routines as well as can enhance gender roles; maintains an old world view |
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explain the feminist theory of gender and education |
historically men and women have received very different educations women were encouraged to seek feminine concentrations, men more intellectually skilled ones this has changed throughout the years though still a rather large income gap |
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how did karl marx view religion |
it was not a way to bring people together; it was the opium of the people it works to hide or justify exploitation under capitalism promoted justice in the afterlife as to justify injustice in the early life church leaders worked to oppress people |
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who said religion was the heart of a heartless world |
karl marx |
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who believed capitalism was developed in the west primarily by the protestant belief system |
max weber |
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explain max webers theory of religion |
linked to capitalism capitalism came to be because of new beliefs about god that came with protestant revolution the belief was predestination; that ones fate is already determined thus justifying the oppression of the people ; a tool to make people work hard |
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the theory of religion which takes on the view that everything in the world may deemed sacred or profane; things are attributed meaning in a religious context; there is a system of beliefs and and organization of believers |
symbolic interactionism scared and profane |
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this theory takes on the view that religion binds the community together through ritual and tradition; it strengthens society's norms and values by including them in its own lessons may also cause difficulty resolving political issues; may bring individual group together though separate other groups from each other; religious wars |
functionalism solidarity through worship |
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explain Durkheim's point of view of religion |
functionalist perceptive creates a sense of solidarity and forms a moral community of shared common beliefs and values religion serves a function of binding people together and making a society possible |
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__________ theories believe religion legitimizes social inequalities |
conflict |
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explain the conflict theory for religion |
religion legitimizes social inequality; the oppressed and the oppressors; religion and economics are intertwined religion promotes capitalism and inequality because the church support the idea that wealthy deserve privileges promotes obedience and legitimizes governments that are not best for everyone |
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what are the four approaches to religion in a feminist theory |
1. revisionists; wish for more gender neutrality 2. reformist; refuse to believe any part that is sexist 3. revolutionaries; seek a deeper chance to sexist traditions 4. rejectionist; believe traditional views are extremely sexist so they reject it and seek to find a entire new spirituality |