Sociology Ch. 1-3

Front 1

Socialization

Back 1

process by which we learn the expectations of society
ex: as college students we are not having snack time

Front 2

Sociological Imagination

Back 2

C. Wright Mills term for the ability to see the relationship between indiviiduals and society

Front 3

Sociology

Back 3

The systematic study of human society and social events

Front 4

Theory

Back 4

set of logically interrelated statements that attempt to describe, explain, and predict social events

Front 5

Hypothosis

Back 5

Statement of the expected relationships between 2 or more variables

Front 6

Independent Variables

Back 6

The variable assumed to be the caause of the relationship between variables

Front 7

Dependent Variable

Back 7

The variable assumed to be caused by the independent variables

Front 8

Survery

Back 8

Poll where researchers gather facts or attempts to determine the relationship among facts

Front 9

Secondary Analysis

Back 9

Research method that uses existing material and analyzed data that were origanlly collected by others

Front 10

Expirements in Sociology

Back 10

Used when researcheres want to find a cause and effecet relationship

Front 11

Material Culture

Back 11

Component of culture that consists of the physical or tangable creations that people of a society use, make, and share (Clothes, shelter, art)

Front 12

Non-Material Culture

Back 12

Component of culture that consists of the abstract or intangable human creations that influence peoples behaivors. (Attitudes, beliefs, values)

Front 13

Symbol

Back 13

Anything that meaningfully represents something else
ex: American Flag represents patriotism

Front 14

Sapi-Whorf hypothosis

Back 14

Proposition that languages shape the view of reality of its speakers

Front 15

Norms

Back 15

Rules of behaivor of standards of conduct

Front 16

Sanctions

Back 16

rewards for good behaivor, and penaties for bad behaivor

Front 17

Folkways

Back 17

Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without strict consequences

Front 18

Mores

Back 18

Strongly held norms that may NOT be violated without serious consequences in particular cultures

Front 19

Taboos

Back 19

Mores that are so bad that there violations are considered to be extremely offensive and unmentioinable

Front 20

Subcultures

Back 20

Category of people who share distinguished values, beliefs, and norms that set them apart from dominant cultures
(religion, race, ethnicity)

Front 21

Counter Cultures

Back 21

Strongly rejects dominant cultures values and norms, and seeks alternative lifestyle
(kkk, cults, young kids)

Front 22

Culture Shock

Back 22

When peope feel cultures they have encounted are so different from their own they cannot take their culture for granted
(kids in mexico polishing shoes for money)

Front 23

Ethnocentrism

Back 23

When people feel ones own culture and way of life is superior to all others

Front 24

Culture Relatism

Back 24

Belief that the behaivor and customs of any culture must be viewed and analyzed by the cultures own standards

Front 25

Looking-Self Glass

Back 25

Charles Horton Cooley's term for the way in which a persons sense of self is derived by the perception of others
1. we imagine how we appear to ppl around us
2. interpuret reactions
3. develope self concept

Front 26

Agents of Socialization

Back 26

The persons, groups, or institutions that teach us what we need to know in ordeer to participate in society
(friends, family, work, school)

Front 27

Role-Taking

Back 27

(By George Mead) Process by which person mentally assumes the role of anotehr person/group in order to understand the world from that persons point of view

Front 28

Stages of Role-Taking Devolopement

Back 28

1. Prepatory Stage- up to age 3. imitate people around you and interactions lack meaning
2. Play Stage- 3-5. Children learn languages and symbols. enables them to take the role of others
3. Game Stage- early school years. understand social position and others around them