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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Achieved status
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A status over which people can exert at least some control
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Antecedent
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Things that come before
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Anti-thesis
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The way things should be
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Ascribed status
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A status assigned to people whether or not they wish to have it
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Bureaucracy
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A form of organization based on explicit rules, with a clear, impersonal, and hierarchal authority structure
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Caste
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Least privileged to most
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Conformity
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Goals and means accepted
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Cooley
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Symbolic Interactionist
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Cultural Relativism
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The belief that each culture is unique and must be judged on its terms
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Dependent Variable
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Caused by independent variable
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Durkheim
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Functionalist Perspective and Anomie
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Ethnocentrism
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The belief that one’s own culture is superior
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Experiment
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A method for studying the relationship between variables under strict conditions
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Formal social control
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behaviors include things such as laws and codes that a society abides by
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Globalization
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Social relations that connect many different and remote areas and influence each other
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Hypothesis
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A prediction that reasonably follows from a theory
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Ideology
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Pattern of beliefs that legitimizes or justifies a particular societal arrangement
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I-Me
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Symbolic Interactionism
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In group
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Group to which people feel that they belong
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Independent Variable
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Leads to or produces the dependent variable
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Innovation
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Goals accepted, substitute new means
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Intergenerational Mobility
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Upward and downward mobility in status measured by comparing children to their parents
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Internal Control
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Social controls seated within the individual that are learned through socialization
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Labeling
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The process by which a definition is attached to an individual
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Latent Function
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Functions that are unintended or unrecognized by others; unintended consequence of change
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Lexus
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fast lane
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LGS
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Looking glass self; I am that which I think you think I am
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Manifest Function
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Functions that are intended or recognized by others; intended consequence of change
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Marx
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Conflict Perspective and theory of change
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Material Culture
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things that people make and use in society
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Mead
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Symbolic interactionist
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Non-material culture
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nonphysical ideas that people have about their culture, including beliefs, values, rules, norms
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Norms
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The rules of society that prescribe how its members are to behave in given situations
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Out group
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Group to which people feel they do not belong
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Primary group
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Group characterized by intimate, warm, cooperative, and face-to-face relationships
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Primary socialization
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Early socialization that stresses the basic knowledge and values of the society
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Reference group
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Group whose values, norms, and beliefs come to serve as a standard for one’s own behavior
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Role
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The expected behavior associated with a status
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Secondary Group
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Group characterized by limited participation and impersonal and formal relationships
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Secondary Socialization
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Socialization following primary socialization that emphasizes creativity, logic, and advanced knowledge
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SES
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socioeconomic status; occupation+education+income
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Social Control
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Mechanisms that monitor behavior and sanction the violation of norms
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Socialization
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The process whereby a child learns to get along with and to behave similarly to other people in the group
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Stigma
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A social marker that brings shame on a person
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Symbol
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A representation that stands for something else
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Synthesis
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New way things are
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Thesis
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The way things are
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UCR
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Uniform Crime Reports
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Value
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A common set of beliefs about what is right and what is wrong
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Weber
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Rationalization; bureaucracy vs traditional practices
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