Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Culture
|
All the ideas, practices and material objects that people create to deal with real life problems
|
|
|
Society
|
A number of people who interact, usually in a defined territory and share a culture
|
|
|
Symbols
|
things that carry a particular meaning
|
|
|
Norms
|
generally accepted ways of doing things
|
|
|
Production
|
making and using tools and techniques that improve our ability to take what we want from nature
|
|
|
Sanctions are and lead to...
|
-are rewards and punishments aimed at ensuring conformity
-lead to social control |
|
|
Taboos
|
-strongest norms
-labeled by society as what is unacceptable and improper |
|
|
Language
|
A system of symbols strung together to communicate thought with language we share
|
|
|
With language we...(4 things)
|
1) share understandings
2) pass experience and knowledge from one generation to the next 3) make plans for the future 4) allow culture to develop |
|
|
Sapir-Whorf Thesis
|
1) Experience (forms concepts)
2) Develop language to express our concepts 3) Language influences how we see the world |
|
|
Ethnocentrism
|
judging another culture exclusively by the standards of one's own
|
|
|
Cultural Relativism
|
-opposite of ethnocentrism
-the belief that all cultures have equal value |
|
|
High Culture
|
culture consumed mainly by upper classes (e.g. opera, theater, etc.)
|
|
|
Popular (mass) culture
|
culture consumed by all classes
|
|
|
Multiculturalism
|
a view that reflects the country's ethnic and racial diversity in the past and its growing ethnic and racial diversity today
|
|
|
Consumerism
|
the tendency to define ourselves in terms of the goods and services we purchase
|
|
|
Subculture
|
adherents of a set of distinctive values, norms, and practices within a larger culture (e.g. emo, fetish, hip hop, straight edge, etc.)
|
|
|
Countercultures
|
oppose dominant values and seek to replace them (e.g. hippies, goth, punk, LGBT)
|
|
|
Describe the pre/post 9-11 culture.
|
Pre: Feeling of invicibility, more laid-back, and less judged.
Post: Paranoid, patriotic prejudice, increased security |
|
|
Socialization
|
- the process by which people learn their culture
1) Entering and disengaging from succession of roles 2) Becoming aware of themselves as they interact with others |
|
|
Role
|
-The behavior expected of a person occupying a particular position in society
-Social roles adjust to environment |
|
|
Self-Identity
|
Experiences that shape our 'self'
|
|
|
Self
|
A set of ideas and attitudes about who they are as independent beings
|
|
|
Cooley's Symbolic Interaction (looking-glass self)
|
-When we interact with others, they gesture and react to us which in turn allows us to imagine how we appear to them
- we then judge how others evaluate us - from these judgements, we develop a self-concept of who we are -feelings of who we are depend on how we see ourselves evaluated by others |
|
|
George Herbert Mead
|
-human communication involves seeing yourself from another persons point of view
- taking on the role of the ''other' |
|
|
Self-fulfilling prophecy
|
An expectation that helps cause what it predicts
|
|
|
Thomas Theorem
|
situations we define as real become real in their consequences
|
|
|
Agents of socialization
|
Family, School, Peer groups (media, sports, work, religious affiliation)
|
|
|
Resocialization
|
When powerful socializing agents deliberately cause rapid change in people's values, roles and self-conception (sometimes against their will)
|
|
|
Adult socialization is necessary for the following reasons:
|
1) adult roles are often discontinuous
2) some adult roles are largely invisible 3) some adult roles are unpredictable 4) adult roles change as we mature |
|
|
The Flexible Self
|
The self is a lifelong process? Can't define the self because it is always changing.
|
|
|
Virtual communities
|
Associations of people, scattered across the country or the planet, who communicate via computer
|
