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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Articles of Conferation |
- Created a weak national government - Accepted in 1781 - Citizens make laws - Each state has it's own laws and constitution |
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Problems with Articles of Confederation |
- Too many different laws (confusing) - Each state had it's own money (hard to buy and trade) - War debt |
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Congress's Power with Articles of Confederation |
COULD - make peace treaties - print and borrow money - declare war CAN'T TO - create taxes - set up an army - control trade - judge laws |
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territory |
land ruled by a national government but has no representative in government (not a state) |
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ordinance |
law |
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Northwest Territory ordinances |
1. Land Ordinance 1785 - explained how land would be measured, divided and sold. 2. NW Ordinance 1787 - explained how a territory could become a state, no slavery allowed in NW territories. |
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township |
how land was measured, divided and sold in the west. |
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Shay's Rebellion |
-1786 Daniel Shay (farmer) got upset and led a group of 1,100 farms in a protest. - Farmers owed money but if they didn't pay, farm would be taken away and farmer could go to jail - Were not able to capture farmers, but state militia stopped them - Showed that the national government was too weak to keep order |
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delegate |
a person who speaks for others - land owners, business men, lawyers, very wealthy, very educated, some were heroes of war, all were white males. |
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George Washington |
- hero of war - Virginia delegate - wanted a Federal government |
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Federal government |
a system in which the central government shares it's power with the states, but has more power than the states. |
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Republic government |
a government in which the citizens elect leaders to represent them. the citizens have the power |
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James Madison |
- from Virginia - member of congress - wanted a new plan for government - considered the Father of the Constitution |
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Virginia Plan |
- called for federal government with 3 branches - number of delegates based on population (House of Representatives |
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New Jersey Plan |
- gave each state one vote and the same amount of representatives (Senate) |
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Great Compromise |
Roger Sherman split up the Senate and House of Representatives to form Congress |
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compromise |
both sides give something up to settle a disagreement |
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the 3 Fifths Compromise |
- Every 5 slaves = 3 free people - not everyone agreed |
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ratify |
to accept or officially approve |
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Ratifying the Constitution |
1788 |
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Federalist |
those who liked the Constitution |
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Antifederalists |
those who were against the Constitution. they thought it was dangerous because there was no Bill of Rights. |
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constitution |
a written plan for government |
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Three parts of the Constitution |
1. Preamble 2. the Articles 3. amendments (26 total) |
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Bill of Rights |
first 10 amendments that protect people's individual rights |
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First Amendment |
Freedom religion, speech and press. Right to meet peacefully. |
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three branches of government |
Executive Legislative Judicial |
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Two parts of the Legislative branch |
Senate House of Representatives |
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What is the judicial branch responsible for |
interpreting the laws and hearing court cases |
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head of executive branch |
National: President, Vice President, Cabinet Local: Mayor State: Governor |
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highest court in US |
Supreme Court |
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Parts of Legislative Branch |
National: Congress - House of Reps & Senate State: General Assembly Local: City Council |
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Commander in Chief |
President - can be elected for 4 year - can be re-elected for another 4 years |
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How are Justices of Supreme Court chosen? |
By the President, approved by Congress. Serve a lifetime. |
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Congressional Power |
- make laws - can raise money through taxes - can borrow money - can declare war - can use money for parks, roads, military or anything else. |
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Why do we have three branches of government? |
so that no single person or branch has the power to run the government alone. |
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checks and balances |
a system that lets each branch limit power on the other two |
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veto |
reject |
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unconstitutional |
laws that do not follow the rules laid out by the Constitution |
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How does a law get passed |
1. member of Congress writes a bill (a suggestion for a law) 2. both House of Reps and Senate have to approve it (two thirds) 3. President has to approve it. If he doesn't, it's called a veto 4. If it is vetoed, it goes back to Congress and if 2/3s approve it, it still becomes law. |
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impeach |
to accuse the President of doing something wrong |
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treaty |
an agreement the President makes with another country |
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First president elected |
1787 George Washington served 8 years |
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inauguration |
official ceremony to make someone president |
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three departments of executive branch |
Secretary of State - how U.S. acts toward other countries Secretary of Treasury - take care of nation's money Cabinet - group of people chosen by President to run executive branch |
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President Thomas Jefferson |
- limited government, wanted states to have more power - supported farming - part of the democratic-republican party - build a new capital on Potomac River |
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President Hamilton |
- wanted strong National government that supported trade and manufacturing - part of the Federalist party - wanted a bank |
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citizen |
an official member of a city, state, or nation |
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Constitutional Convention |
When delegates from every state but Rhode Island met in 1787 to discuss how to change the Articles of Confederation |
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democracy |
a government in which the people have the power to make decisions |
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amendment |
a change to the Constitution |
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political party |
a group of people who share similar ideas about government |
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capital |
the city where the government meet |
