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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acquittal
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A finding of not guilty in a court of law
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Appeal
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A request for a new trial in a higher court
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Bail
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An amount of money deposited with the court to set a person free from arrest until the trial. The money is to guarantee that the person will come back for trial
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Charging of the jury
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The judge outlines how the law applies in the specific case on trial. The judge reminds the jury that they must base their decision on the facts presented in the trial.
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Civil Law
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Protection of private rights
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Criminal Law
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Offenses against the public or society as a whole not seen as crimes against the individual person
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Crown/Prosecution
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They are acting on behalf of society, not working for the victim. It is their job to charge the defendant and to bring the case for trial
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Defendant
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The person accused. Committed the wrong
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Deliberation
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The jury considers all the evidence and come up with a decision of guilty or not guilty
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Deterrence
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The fear of going to jail should deter (discourage/prevent) people from committing crimes
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Duties
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Obligations the government places on people in return for their rights
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Freedoms
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Privileges that are so basic that they cannot be restricted by the government
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Habeas Corpus
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Being told why you are being arrested
Brought before a court without unnecessary delay |
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Human Rights Commission
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Deals with human rights complaints
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Hung Jury
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The jury cannot come to a unanimous agreement regarding the verdict in a case
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Indictable Offense
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More serious offense (robbery)
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Law
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A set of rules and principles that governs (controls) the behavior of a community
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Plaintiff
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The injured party ----> it is their job to charge the defendant and to prove that the charges are true
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Plea
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When a defendant enters a guilty/not guilty response to a charge
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Rehabilitation
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To change a person's behavior in order to return them to society as law abiding citizens
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Remand
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To postpone a case to a later date so that the lawyers can further prepare for their case
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Responsibilities
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(Should Do) Obligations that go beyond legal requirements (vote)
Type of behavior that shows respect for the rights of others |
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Retribution
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The offender has hurt society, so they must be punished in return
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Rights
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Granted and Guaranteed by law, as long as they do not INFRINGE (go against/violate) the rights of others
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Summary Conviction
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Less Serious Offense (petty theft)
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Tort
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A wrongful act or an infringement of a right (other than under contract) leading to civil legal liability
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Verdict
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The jury's final decision
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1960
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The year the Canadian Bill of Rights was passed
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1982
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The year the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was passed
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Citizens
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Elects government, responsible for following the law
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Government
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Makes law
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Police
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Enforce the laws
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Court
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Interpret the law
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Prisons
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Carry out punishments
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R.C.M.P
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Enforcing federal law throughout the country
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Provincial Police Forces
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Responsible for enforcing federal laws in their own province excluding areas where there is a local police force (Ontario/Quebec)
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Municipal Police Forces
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Enforce Provincial/Municipal laws
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Opening Statement
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Its purpose is to outline what each side intends to prove
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Cross-examination
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To find out more information and to test the reliability of the witness
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Plea Bargaining
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Plead guilty to a lesser charge in order to have a more serious charge dropped, less time in jail, just so they can get convicted
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Appeal
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To ensure you got a fair trial
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Local Jails
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Type of prisons
Less than 3 months |
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Provincial Prisons
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Type of prisons
3 months - 2 years |
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Federal Penitentiaries
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Type of prisons
2 years or more |
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Minimum Security
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Type of federal prison:
Rockwood Institute |
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Medium Security
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Type of federal prison:
Stony Mountain Institution |
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Civil Law
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Burden of proof
The plaintiff only has to prove that the defendant probably did it |
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Criminal Law
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Burden of proof
The prosecution must prove the case against the defendant beyond a reasonable doubt |
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Civil Law
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Outcome
Provide a method of compensation to the person that has been wronged |
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Criminal Law
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Outcome
Provide a penalty to the person that has wronged society. Ex. fine, probation, community work, prison |
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Representative Democracy
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People elects others to represent them
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Anarchy
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A social state in which there is no governing person or group
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Communism
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Government is controlled by a small group but there are few social liberties
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Totalitarianism
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Government rulers have absolute powers, freedom of speech is prohibited and force is often used to maintain power
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Monarchy
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The head of the state inherits the THRONE for a lifetime
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Executive
Judicial Legislative |
Three branches of government
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Federal
Provincial Municipal |
Three levels of government
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Executive
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Putting laws into effect on a daily basis is ____________ power
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Legislative
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The power to make laws is ______________ power
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Judicial
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Deciding if an individual has broken the law is _____________ power
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Federal
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The level of government responsible for decisions regarding the country is the ______________ government
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Provincial
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The level of government responsible for decisions regarding the province is the ______________ government
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Municipal
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The level of government responsible for decisions regarding the country is the ______________ government
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Ridings
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The electoral districts in a federal election are called
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308
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The number of districts in a federal election
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Member of Parliament
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Each of these electoral districts elects a
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