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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Spotlight Effect
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The belief that others are paying more attention to one's appearance and behavior than they really are.
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Illusion of Transparency
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The illusion that our concealed emotions leak out and can be easily read by others
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self-concept
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A person's answers to the question, "who am I"?
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self-schema
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Beliefs about self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information
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self-reference effect
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The tendency to process efficiently and remember well information related to oneself.
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Possible Selves
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Images of what we dream of or dread becoming in the future
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Social Comparison
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Evaluating one's abilities and opinions by comparing oneself with others.
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Individualism
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The concept of giving priority to one's own goals over group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications.
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Collectivism
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Giving priority to the goals of one's groups (often one's extended family or work group) and defining one's identity accordingly.
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Interdependent Self
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Construing one's identity in relation to others.
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Impact Bias
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Overestimating the enduring impact of emotion-causing events.
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Immune Neglect
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The human tendency to neglect the speed and the strength of the "psychological immune system", which enables emotional recovery and resilience after bad things happen.
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Dual Attitudes
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Differing implicit (automatic) and explicit (consciously controlled) attitudes toward the same object. Verbalized explicit attitudes may change with education and persuasion; implicit attitudes change slowly, with practice that forms new habits.
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self esteem
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A persons's overall self-evaluation or sense of self worth.
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Self-Efficacy
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A sense that one is competent and effective, distinguished from self-esteem, one's sense of self-worth. A bombardier might feel high self-efficacy and low self-esteem.
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Locus of Control
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The extent to which people perceive outcomes as internally controllable by their own efforts and actions or as externally controlled by chance or outside forces.
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Learned Helplessness
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The hopelessness and resignation learned when a human or animal perceives no control over repeated bad events.
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Self-Serving Bias
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The tendency to perceive oneself favorably.
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Self-Serving Attributions
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A form of self-serving bias; the tendency to attribute positive outcomes to oneself and negative outcomes to other factors.
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Defensive Pessimism
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The adaptive value of anticipating problems and harnessing one's anxiety to motivate effective action.
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False Consensus Effect
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The tendency to overestimate the commonality of one's opinions and one's undesirable or unsuccessful behaviors.
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False Uniqueness Effect
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The Tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's ability and one's desirable or successful behaviors.
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Group Serving Bias
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Explaining away outgroup members positive behaviors; also attributing negative behaviors to their dispositions (while excusing such behavior by one's own group)
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Self-Handicapping
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Protecting one's self-image with behaviors that create a handy excuse for later faliure
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Self-Presentation
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The act of expressing oneself and behaving in ways designed to create a favorable impression or an impression that corresponds to one's ideals.
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Self-Monitoring
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Being attuned to the way one presents oneself in social situations and adjusting one's performance to create the desired impression.
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