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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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availability heuristic
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the process whereby judgments of frequency or probability are based on the ease with which pertinent instances are brought to mind
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representative heuristic
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judgments are based on assessments of similarity between individuals and group prototypes or between cause and effect
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base rate information
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information about the relative frequency of events or of members of different categories in the population
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subliminal
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below the threshold of conscious awareness
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bottom up process
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one takes in and forms conclusions on the basis of the stimuli encountered in one's experience
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top down process
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one fillters and interprets new information in light of preexisting knowledge and expectation
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framing effect
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the influence on judgment resulting from the way information is presented, including the order of presentation
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primacy effect
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the disproportionate influence on judgment of information presented first in a body of evidence
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recency effect
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the disproportionate influence on judgment of information presented last in a body of evidence
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sharpening
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emphasizing important or more interesting elements in telling a story
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leveling
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eliminating or deemphasizing seemingly less important details when telling a story to someone else
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flashbulb memories
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vivid recollections of the moment one learned some dramatic, emotionally charged news
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pluralistic ignorance
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misperception of a group norm that results from oberving people who are acting at viarance with their private beliefs out of a concern for their social consequences--behavior that reinforces the erroneous group norm
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