Soc Chap 5

Front 1

social inequality

Back 1

condition in which members of a society have different amounts of wealth prestige or power

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stratification

Back 2

structured ranking of entire groups of people that perpetuates unequal economic rewards and power in a society;

in industrial societies unequal rewards prevalent in INCOME (salaries and wages) and in their WEALTH (matieral assets such as land, stocks, and other properties)

Front 3

castes

Back 3

hereditary ranks usually religiously dictated and tend to be fixed and immoble

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bourgeoisie

Back 4

CAPITALIST CLASS; owns the means of production;

such as factories and machinery

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power

Back 5

ability to exercise ones will over others

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veblen

Back 6

those at top of social hierarchy typically convert part of wealth into CONSPICUOUS CONSUMPTION or leisure

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functionalist view of inequality

Back 7

social inequality necessary so people will be motivated to fill functionally important positions

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Esteem:

Back 8

reputation specific person has earned within an occupation

Front 9

Income in U.S. distributed unevenl

Back 9

Wealth of the top 1% exceeds the collective wealth of the bottom 90%

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Socialmobility:

Back 10

movement or individuals or groups from one position in a society’s stratification system to another

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Life Chances

Back 11

Opportunities people have to provide themselves with material goods, positive living conditions, and favorable life experiences–Housing,

education,

and health •

Example: Victims of Hurricane Katrina

•Digital Divide (people without internet)

Front 12

Horizontal mobility

Back 12

movement within same range of prestige

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dahrendorf

Back 13

social classes are groups of people who share common interests resulting from their authority relationships;

HE INCLUDES:

bourgeoisie- the owners of the means of production- and industrial managers, legislators, judiciary, head of the beaurocracy, and others.

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stratification

Back 14

universal in that all societies maintain some form of social inequality amoung members

Front 15

functionalists

Back 15

maintain that a differential system of rewards and punishments is necessary for the efficient operation of society

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status group

Back 16

people who have the same prestige or lifestyle. an individual gains status through membership of a desired group. IE medical profession

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capitalism

Back 17

economic system in which the means of production are held largly in private hands, and the main incentive for economic activity is the accumulation of profits

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united states upper class

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rosside catagorizes 1-2% of people in US are UPPERCLASS a group limited to the very wealthy. They associate in exclusive circles

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ascribed status

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assigned to a person in society without regards to a persons unique talents or charachteristics

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acheived status

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social position attained by a person largely through his or her own effort

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slavery

Back 21

the most extreme form of legalized social inequality for individuals or groups

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class system

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social ranking based primarily on economic postion in which acheived characteristics can influence social mobility

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salaries from 80s to 2000's

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federal tax policies favor affluent

salaries for highly skilled workers and professionals have risen

wages of less skilled workers have decreased when controlled for inflation

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socioeconomic status

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a measure of social class that is based on income education and occupation

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social mobility

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movement of individuals or groups from one position in a societies stratification system to another

Front 26

life chances

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class was closely related to ones life chances; the opportunity people have to provide themselves with material goods positiv living conditions and favorable life experiences

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horizontal mobility

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each occupation has the same prestige ranking; 60 on a scale ranging from a low of 0 to 100; sociologists call this kind of movement HORIZONTAL MOBILITY

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colonialism

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occurs when a foreign power maintains polotical, social, economic and cultural domination over a people for an extended period of time

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globilization

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the worldwide integration of governement policies cultures social movements and financial markets through trade and the exchange of idea

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modernization

Back 30

far reaching process through which developing nations move from traditional or less developed institutions to those characteristic of more developed societies