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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In what role were Africans introduced into colonial society as?
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Indentured servants.
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What did the plantation system need in order to be successful?
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Cheap workforce, farming volume, keeping costs down and profits up.
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What is ethnocentrism?
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Judging other groups, societies, or cultures by the standards of one's own.
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What does the creation of a minority group depend on?
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The contact situation (Noel hypothesis).
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If two groups came together and there was ethnocentrism, competition and differential in power, what does the Noel hypothesis say would happen?
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The Noel hypothesis states that some form of racial or ethnic stratification would occur.
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What is important in Robert Blauner's theory?
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The initial contact situation between the majority and minority groups.
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What does the Noel hypothesis give as the reason American Indians were not enslaved?
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The Native American’s competition with whites centered on land, not labor, and the Indian nations were often successful in resisting domination. The competition between Native Americans and colonists was very direct (focused solely on land), while competition with indentured black and white servants was more indirect. During the first several decades of colonial history, the balance of power between colonialists and Native Americans was relatively even and sometimes even favored Native Americans.
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A society with a small elite class and a plantation-based economy will often develop what form of minority relations?
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Paternalism.
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What is one difference between the situation of Mexican-Americans and African-Americans in the 19th century?
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Mexican-Americans were able to retain much of their culture.
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What set of terms (2 terms) best suits the situation of African-Americans, Native Americans, and Mexican-Americans as a result of contact with Anglo-American society?
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Colonization and paternalism.
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What commodity did Black Africans possess that colonists wanted?
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Labor.
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What system was constructed to exploit this commodity?
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Paternalism.
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As societies industrialize, dominant minority relations move from ______ to ______?
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Paternalistic to rigid competitive.
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What was the work like during agrarian subsistence technology?
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Labor-intensive.
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What facts were true during Reconstruction?
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All of the above (see Pgs. 204-205, 216, 237, 251).
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What followed slavery in the South?
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Reconstruction, then Jim Crow laws.
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As de jure segregation formed and solidified in the South, what happened?
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Laws mandating inequality were put into place ("separate but equal").
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What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
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"Separate but equal".
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During Jim Crow, what are some examples of the separation of races?
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Separate Bibles were used in court, separate drinking fountains, separate bathrooms, etc.
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Which laws did NOT restrict African-Americans from voting in the South? Which ones did?
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The 15th and the 14th Amendment of the Bill of Rights did not restrict African Americans from voting in the South.
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Both Obama and MLK gave speeches that were assimilationist in nature. What does that mean?
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Compared to separation (Black Panthers, etc.), assimilationist ideas like those of Obama and MLK espouse unity and similar culture.
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What is racial etiquette?
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African-Americans giving up their seats for Caucasians on public transport, etc.
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Who is W.E.B. Dubois and what did he do?
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NAACP.
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Who is Marcus Garvey and what did he do?
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Black pride, Jamaican.
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What did Brown v. Board of Education overturn?
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Plessy v. Ferguson.
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How did Jim Crow end?
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Gradually.
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What did Malcolm X do?
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He did not have a violent campaign in the South to end segregation.
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Does Obama believe the civil rights movement ended de facto segregation in the U.S.?
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No.
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Did the Black Power movement support the ideals of MLK of assimilation and integration?
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No. They were separatist.
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Did the nation of Islam and other Black Power movements distinguish between racial separation and segregation and did they see separation as empowering and segregation as dominating?
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Yes.
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