Soc 268 Final Exam

Front 1

Social control

Back 1

the regulation of human behavior in any social group

Hint 1

Two types

Front 2

Ideological Social Control

Back 2

the regulation of human behavior by controlling IDEAS;

Agents (FERMSG)
-family
-education
-religion
-media
-sport
-government

Hint 2

FERMSG

Front 3

Direct Social Control

Back 3

the regulation of members of a group by controlling BEHAVIOR

Agents:
-welfare
-science & medicine
-government

Hint 3

W, S&M, G

Front 4

Three Processes of Social Control in Social Life

Back 4

1. Internalizing Norms: we incorporate into our personalities standards of behavior

2. Structuring of Social Experience: institutions shape our experiences

3. The Use of Social Sanctions: we conform to avoid punishment

Front 5

Genocide

Back 5

Five categories of activity:
1. Killing members of the group
2. Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group
3. Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part
4. Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group
5. Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group

Hint 5

KHCBC

Front 6

Victim Discounting

Back 6

society's tendency to view crimes as less socially significant if the victim is viewed as less worthy
-e.g. "black on black" crime

Front 7

Differential Justice

Back 7

whites are dealt with more leniently in the criminal justice system

Front 8

Racial Profiling

Back 8

a form of racism involving police focus on people of certain racial groups when seeking suspected criminals

Front 9

Culture

Back 9

Systems of meaning which include knowledge, beliefs, morals, laws, customs, and any other capabilities acquired by members of society

1. Symbols: anything that meaningfully represents something else
2. Technology: knowledge of how to adapt, make use of, and act upon physical environments and their material resources in order to satisfy human wants and needs
3. Ideologies: beliefs, values, and attitudes of a culture that underlie the status quo, or movements to change it
4. Norms: common guidelines for behavior
5. Values: the central beliefs and purposes of a society
6. Roles: the expectations attached to a social position

Hint 9

Two types and consists of STINVR

Front 10

Material culture

Back 10

tools, technology, etc

Front 11

Immaterial Culture

Back 11

values, beliefs, norms, religions, etc

Front 12

Worldview

Back 12

the overall perspective from which one sees and interprets the world

Front 13

Media contributes to:

Back 13

-Cultural diffusion
-Framing
-Agenda setting

Hint 13

CFA

Front 14

Cultural diffusion

Back 14

spreading of aspects of culture from one society to another

Hint 14

e.g. Fiji (plump used to be attractive until US tv images)

Front 15

Framing

Back 15

the focus, parameter, or boundary for discussing a particular event

Front 16

Agenda Setting

Back 16

filtering out large amounts of information while permitting only a few items to reach the audience

Front 17

Social Change

Back 17

alterations in the patterns of culture, structure, and social behavior over time

Front 18

Sources of Social Change

Back 18

-physical environment
-population
-clashes over resources & values
-supporting values & norms (e.g. anti-gay rights legislation)
-innovation
-diffusion: spread of culture from one place to another (e.g. Western TV, fast food)
-mass media

Hint 18

EP R&V V&N IDM
7 total

Front 19

Social movements

Back 19

sustained, organized efforts on the part of a relatively large number of people to bring about or resist change

-Rest upon a mass base of individuals, groups, and organizations linked by interaction
-Organize around a mix of political goals
-Rely on a shared collective identity
-Endure for a significant period of time
-Have long-lasting and far-reaching consequenc`es
-Have a well-defined and high level of internal organization

Front 20

Ideology

Back 20

a set of cultural values, beliefs, and attitudes that motivate and justify the maintenance of the social order or movements to change it

Front 21

Ideology provides:

Back 21

-purpose for people to come together
-Rationale
-definition of the problem
-unity through a cause

Hint 21

PRDU

Front 22

Typologies of Social Movementsq

Back 22

1. Transformative
2. Reform
3. Redemptive/Expressive
4. Revolutionary

Hint 22

TRRR

Front 23

Transformative Movement

Back 23

seek a change in the total order as well as individuals in the order

Hint 23

e.g. Black Panthers teaching kids that "black is beautiful"

Front 24

Reform Movement

Back 24

intended to bring about partial change in the social order

Hint 24

e.g. Martin Luther King, Jr. and civil rights

Front 25

Redemptive/Expressive Movement

Back 25

efforts to bring about total change in the individuals in a movement

Front 26

Revolutionary Movement

Back 26

pursue objectives that aim to change society through challenging of fundamental values

Hint 26

e.g. American Revolutionary War

Front 27

Theories of Social Movements

Back 27

1. The Value-Added Model
2. Resource Mobilization Theory
3. Frame Alignment Theory

Hint 27

3 theories (VA, RM, FA)

Front 28

The Value-Added Model

Back 28

created by Neil J. Smelser
-economic theory applied to collective behavior:
each step in production increases the economic value of manufactured goods

Front 29

Collective Behavior

Back 29

spontaneous, unstructured ways of thinking, feeling, and acting that develop among a large number of people

Hint 29

e.g. rumors, fashions, hysteria
Watts riot
Detroit riots

Front 30

Preconditions for Collective Behavior

Back 30

1. Structural Conduciveness
2. Structural Strain: certain aspects of a social situation are out of joint
3. Growth and Spread of a Generalized Belief
4. Precipitating factors
5. Mobilization of participants for social action
6. Operation of social control

Hint 30

6 preconditions

Front 31

Resource Mobilization Theory

Back 31

Social movements are rational responses to social conditions intended to bring about social change

Hint 31

e.g. Freedom Summer

Front 32

Frame

Back 32

a structure of interpretation that allows individuals to understand their own experience in the context of the larger world around them

Front 33

Frame Alignment

Back 33

the connection between the interests, values, and beliefs of individuals and the goals, activities, and ideologies of a social movement

Front 34

4 Processes in Frame Alignment

Back 34

1. Frame bridging: get sympathetic people to join your movement
2. Frame amplification: getting people to understand why your frame is relevant to them
3. Frame extension: stepping outside of original goals and extending them to draw people into your movement
4. Frame transformation: getting rid of some of the original goals, adding new goals, and transforming into a new movement

Front 35

The Life Course of a Social movement

Back 35

1. Emergence: people express their dissatisfaction with existing conditions and the sentiment is shared by others
2. Coalescence: building the movement
3. Institutionalization: movement develops a formal organizational structure
4. Decline: usually occurs after success