Soc 260 Exam 2 Chapter Eight

Front 1

substances that produce severe dislocation of consciousness those that act on the nervous system to produce significant perceptual changes

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hallucinogenic drugs

Front 2

this term implied that the mind is "made manifest" or is more perceptive than ordinarily-under the influence.

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psychedelics (1960's)

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who used shrooms a long ass time ago?

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mexico & central america

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early researchers thought that lsd might be key to

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understanding mental illness namely schizophrenia

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taking psychedelic drugs brings something similar to religious insight called

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trandscendence

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early news stories portrayed this (psychedelics) as horrible saying drugs like it caused

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psychic terror, uncontrollable impulses, violence, and unconcern for one's own safety, psychotic episodes, delusions, & hallucinations

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people thought that taking LSD once would ______________ & cause birth defects

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ruin chromosomes

they later found out that LSD is an extremely weak mutagen

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________ never materialized into the threat to society that many critics claimed it would

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LSD

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LSD & other psychedelics are used

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extremely episodically

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what was cocaine used by physicians for in the 19th century?

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a variety of illnesses, ailments, & complaints

- to offset fatigue & depression

- to cure morphine addiction

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today what is one of cocaine's few medical uses?

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local anesthetic - to kill pain when applied topically to delicate tissues & organs (eye or gums)

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when was cocaine (like morphine & opium) was in many patent medications?

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end of 19th, beginning of 20th

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cocaine was in soft drinks until

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1903

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many observers feel that a major reason for the criminalization of cocaine after the turn of the century was

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racism

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numerous articles published in the early 1900's made the claim that cocaine stimulated

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violence amongst blacks

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many of the horrible crimes committed in the southern states by colored people can be traced to

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the cocaine habit

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the criminalization of cocaine was caused by

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racial hostility

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the use of cocaine declined during the 1920's, remained low until the 60's which was

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paralleled to marijuana

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- non fatal drug related emergency department (ed) admissions or visits

- medical examiner (me) & coroner's reports on lethal drug-related deaths or mortalty

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DAWN

drug abuse warning network

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how long do you feel when you snort coke in the powder form?

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you feel high in 3 mins & feel the high for 30

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crack is a similar high to cocaine except it causes a intense euphoria which is

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more reinforcing

Front 22

once metabolized, what can you not tell the difference between?

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coke & crack cocaine

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what happens when you are exposed to cocaine in the womb?

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premature, lower birth rate, smaller hands

however, moms who do coke during pregnancy live reckless lifestyles involving other variables. more likely to engage in all risky behavior (smoke, drink)

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how popular is heroin?

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lowest in popularity but causes the most damage

dose for dose, episode by episode, kills vastly more users than alc or tobacco.

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when was meth the drug of choice?

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the 1980's, for the "new generation"

phar. methandrine

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people would take more drugs (alternating between heroin, etc.) to help them come down from meth, then they would become

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addicted to more drugs

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meth is popular in what kind of communities?

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rural communities (redneck cocaine)

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meth is not & never was americas most dangerous drug...

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used less than the media says, & there is also less harm done

Front 29

how was cocaine criminalized?

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harrison act - along with other narcotics

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in the 1980's what became popular with poor inner city youth

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new crack cocaine nigga

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the ranking of meth among the drugs that cause "overdose" problems is

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extremely low

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higher SES higher liklihood of drinking &

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lower SES are more likely to engage in deviant drinking

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essentialism examines the "objective" properties of alcohol

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its effects, the consequences of the use, & the causes of excessive consumption

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drug use has both an _______ & a ______ side

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objective (positivistic)

subjective (constructionalist)

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drug use has an identifiable form of behavior, measurable consequences, & has consequences that are

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a product of scientific factors

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drug use is thought about & dealt with a certain level of public concern that is not always an accurate reflection of

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the degree of objective danger or damage represented by drug use.

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the specific drug that attracts public concern has shifted over time is called the

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moral panic

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every single person in society can be evaluated as _________ or _________ along a given axis.

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acceptable or unnaceptable

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only for ______________ deviance is the relevant dimension irrelevant for most of us.

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organizational

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the my lai massacre

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march 16, 1968 - operation Son My

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what kind of crime was my lai massacre?

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crime of obedience

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charlie company

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no written orders were ever issued

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soldiers were told people would be at the market

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instead they were out & about

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what was wrong with my lai massacre?

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spontaneous acts of rape, torture, killings, death without reason

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everything related to my lai traced back to whom?

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calley

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when calley was making sure civilians were dead media told him what

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thats enough for the day

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more than one didn't carry out orders

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more than one didn't obey orders

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what kind of mindset did Calley go into my lai with?

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destroy the enemy

did not sit down to think about women & children

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what are sanctioned massacres?

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massacres designed to destroy all of a category of people (ethnic, national, racial, religious)