Sm Parasites 2015

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(Family Calliphoridae)

Back 1

Blowfly Maggot

- In carrion or other decaying organic matter they often infest wounds

- Dead animals

- Odor - as infestation develops a distinctive smell is noticeable. Wool becomes matted and discolored.

- Wool is shed

- The smell of infestation attracts more flies

- farmers can be charged with animal cruelty and the animal can die

PREVENTION:

- Strike can be prevented using pour-ons

- complete shearing

- tail docking

TREATMENT:

- Cure and protection can be attained using a synthetic pyrethroid (SP) based pour-on

Front 2

(Genus Ctenocephalides)

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Flea

TREATMENT:

- Shampoo/flea bath, dips

- oral medicines

PREVENTION:

- Flea collars

- flea powders and sprays

SYMPTOMS:

- hives

- itching

- rash

* any animal can get fleas and area affected is the skin

* animals are uncomfortable and irritable

Front 3

(Family Iodide; Genus Amblyomma or Dermacentor)

Back 3

Hard Tick

- affect many cats or dogs, but any animal can be affected

SYMPTOMS:

- irritation around attachment

- anemia from blood loss

- inflammation

PREVENTION

- use repellents that contain DEET

- shower immediately after outdoors

- use full body checks

- can put clothes in a dryer for 1 hour to help kill ticks

-avoid brushy areas/woods

TREATMENT

- remove tick

- cleanse area with soap and water then apply alcohol

- seek vet or health care if any part of tick is not removed

- animal can eventually die from the tick if not removed

Front 4

(Family Strongylidae; Genus Strongylus)

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Horse Strongyles

SYMPTOMS:

- sudden weight loss

- diarrhea

- usually in late winter and spring

TREATMENT:

- can be removed by anthelmintics

- effective drugs should reduce the egg counts to lower levels if not eliminate

PREVENTION:

- interval treatments limit pasture contamination

- larger horse farms should treat more regularly and at the same time

- fecal samples should be examined

- death can happen if not treated due to weight loss and dehydration

- affects horses

Front 5

(Family Culicidae; Genus Anopheles, Culex or Aedes)

Back 5

Mosquito Larva

- animals/people with this can have allergic reactions and can have severe blood loss also these parasites can prevent blood from clotting. Also can have diseases/viruses from the mosquitoes

PREVENTION:

- stay away from stagnant water sources

TREATMENT:

- bacterial larvicide treatment

- liquid larvicide products

- tablet, pellet, granular formulations are applied to mosquito breeding areas

- feed on microscopic plants, animals and organic debris in water

SYMPTOMS:

- blood loss

- slow growth

- swelling/itching

Front 6

(Family Taeniidae; Genus Taenia

Back 6

Taenia Tapeworm Egg

- can affect swine, cattle, and humans

- if animal does not get rid of it, it can eventually wither away & die

SYMPTOMS:

- gastrointestinal symptoms

- hunger pains

- nausea

TREATMENT:

- Praziquantel is the medication given orally

- Niclosamide is medicince given orally

PREVENTION:

- cook food thoroughly

- check stools of animals

Front 7

Cat WarbleCuterebra

Back 7

Affect rodents and rabbits, and cats. Establish themselves in the skin. Symptoms cough, fever, and shortness of breath. Female lays eggs, eggs hatch on the grass, larvae moves onto the fur of the animal. Parasites enter through natural openings of the animal. Rodents and rabbits has a higher percent than cats and dogs. Surgical removal

Front 8

Flea LarvaeSiphonaptera

Back 8

Affects cats, dogs, humans, and pigs. Certain fleas affect certain animals. For example: cat fleas like the blood of cat. This can affect humans and dogs. These can make humans and even dog very sick. The flea starts out as eggs, then larvae, and then pupae (adult flea). Hives, itching, and a rash. Chemical sprays, and or pest prevention. Being treated with chemicals.

Front 9

Heartworm adult Dirofilaria immitis

Back 9

It affects dogs, cats, ferrets, wolves, coyotes, foxes, sea-lions, and in rare occasions even humans. This could be a problem because it will eventually kill the animal that it has infected. The life cycle of heartworms is microfilariae, larvae, and juvenile worm. The most severe case of heartworm symptoms include anemia, exercise intolerance, and fainting spells. Have your animal heartworm tested. The animal is hospitalized and given an administration of an adulticide, used to kill the worms.

Front 10

Biting Lice Phthiraptera

Back 10

It affects cattle (head, neck area), goats (base of tail) , horses (roots of the main), sheep (all over body), and pigs. Lice makes you itchy and not happy. Lice can be transferred while there are a group of animals. The female lays eggs, eggs turn into adult. lifespan is 2 - 3 weeks. The symptoms are itching, and biting. Hairless patches will emerge. Keep your pet on a cream or a oral flea prevention. Give your pet a bath, and wash and throwaway the bed and buy a new one.

Front 11

Pinworms Enterobius

Back 11

It affects people, mostly children. A serious complication with pinworms is rare. Pinworms are very contagious. First the eggs are ingested. The eggs hatch and turn into larvae. A symptom includes itching around the anus. Wash you bed sheets and blankets, etc. To treat pinworms you have to take an oral tablet.

Front 12

Taenia Tapeworm Segment Taenia saginata

Back 12

If affects dogs, cats, sheep, goats, and even humans. It is usually found on the rear end of the animal. Tapeworms eat the food that you have already eaten. The life cycle is, a person eats vegetation that has been infected with eggs, the worms invade the intestinal wall. It takes 2 months to become an adult tapeworm. Symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, weakness, and diarrhea. Don't eat infected vegetation. Take drugs that treat tapeworms.

Front 13

Back 13

Blowfly (Calliphoridae)

- They often infest wounds of sheep, cattle, goats, and other animals.- Can kill or adversely affect the welfare of infested sheep. - Farmers, as registered keepers of animals, have a legal responsibility to prevent or treat infestations within their flocks. Failure to do so can result in prosecution for animal cruelty.- Symptoms: agitation and dejection, odor, wool is shed, smell attracts more flies.- Strike can be prevented using pour-ons containing the insect growth regulators (IGRs) dicyclanil, such as CLiK® and CLiKZiN®. - Also routine crutching and dragging and tail docking can help prevent strike.

Front 14

Back 14

Ear Mite (Otodectes cynotis)

- Live on an animal’s body, particularly in the ears of dogs and cats.- Ear mites are contagious to other animals but not to humans.- Ear mite infestation can cause secondary ear infections, but the mites and infections are both treatable with medication.- They also mate and produce eggs in the ear of the host. The mite’s entire life cycle is only about 3 weeks, and the mite spends its whole life on the animal. - Symptoms: * Shaking/rubbing of the head and ears* Dark, crusty debris in the ears* Itching/scratching - Fortunately, ear mite infestations are very treatable. If ear mites have caused a secondary ear infection, it should be treated while the ear mite infestation is being treated. Your veterinarian may prescribe ear drops that kill the mites when the medication is applied into your pet’s ears.

Front 15

Back 15

Giardia (Giardia lamblia)

- Humans, cats, dogs, and cattle can infected by Giardia.- The giardia parasite is the root cause of many cases of chronic GI inflammation in dogs and cats.- Symptoms: diarrhea, excessive mucus, excessive flatulence. - To prevent it, you and your pet should avoid contaminated water and feces.-Many prescription drugs are available to treat giardiasis.

Front 16

Back 16

Horse Bots (Gastrophilus)

- Infects horses.- Bot eggs are not only aesthetically unpleasing, but once they have hatched into larvae, they also may cause the horse pain and irritation in the mouth. Adult flies that have developed from larvae may also cause various gastrointestinal problems.- Symptoms: tiny, white-colored eggs measuring roughly one to two millimeters, licking of the stomach and legs.- Bot eggs should be removed from the skin of the horse when seen in order to keep the life cycle of bots to a minimum, regular and liberal application of fly spray to the horse during the summer months is another way to control the bot fly life cycle.

Front 17

Back 17

Mosquito (Culicidae)

- Any mammal can be bitten by a mosquito.- This is a problem because mosquitoes can spread malaria and other parasites. Also when bitten by a mosquito, it leaves behind an uncomfortable itchy, red bump.- Symptoms: Itchy bumps, swelling, scaring.- Mosquitoes can be prevented by bug sprays, candles, and protective clothing.- Most mosquito bites stop itching and heal on their own.

Front 18

Back 18

Taenia Tapeworm (Taenia)

- Can affect pigs, cows, dogs, cats and pretty much any other mammal.- If your animals are infected with tapeworm, it can spread very rapidly and you may even get it.- Tapeworms can cause digestive problems including abdominal pain, loss of appetite, weight loss, and upset stomach.- Can be treated with medication, but sometimes surgery is needed.- Prevent it by cooking meats thoroughly and deworm your animals monthly.

Front 19

Demodectic Mite (Genus Demodex)

Back 19

It affects both dogs in the head and limbs area and cats are affected in groin, ventral chest, and limbs. Symptoms are scratching and itching the area where the animal is infected. Treatment is use Goodwinol, which is insecticide ointment. Cat treatment is using drugs like Amitraz and Ivermectin, and using lime sulfur dips. How to prevent it is for spaying females that have had the disease so you do not have a relapse of the disease.

Front 20

Flea Tapeworm Segment (Genus Dipylidium)

Back 20

They are a flat intestinal worm that comes from a flea, which then is accidentally ingested by the host. It mainly affects dogs, cats, and sometimes humans. Tapeworms can live up to 2-3 years. Symptoms or signs are dull coat in animal, decreased appetite, and weight loss. Treatment is with praziquantel and epsiprantel. Prevention is using regular deworming agents. Prevent fleas and eating rabbits and mice.

Front 21

Hookworm Egg (Family Ancylostomatidae; Genus Ancylostoma, Uncinaria, Bunostomum or Globocephalus)

Back 21

Are eggs that enter the environment by being excreted from the body in feces. There they need warm , moist soil to hatch and mature into larvae.

Front 22

Lungworm (Family Metastrongylidae; Genus Metastrongylus, Dictyocaulus or Aelurostonglyus)

Back 22

They cause respiratory problems when they settle in lungs of the animal. Adults create nodules in the windpipe and then lay eggs. Larvae cause the obstruction of breathing. Symptoms are shortness of breath, building up in the lungs, and secondary issues examples: Bronchitis, emphysema, and pneumonia. Treatment is anthelmintics. Prevent by not ingesting snails or mollusks. Use anthelmintics for prevention also.

Front 23

Sarcoptic Mite (Family Ascaridae; Genus Sarcoptes or Notoedres)

Back 23

They are found in the epidermis of the skin and create a dematitis and produce a hyperkeratosis and alopecia. There lifespan is 2-3 weeks. Symptoms severe pruritus, dry and crusted lesions, hair loss, mange. Treatment is using fipronil. Prevention is using fipronil, moxidectin, or selamectin. Removing an animal with mange from the group.

Front 24

Giardia troph

Back 24

It is caused by soils, food, or water being contaminated by feces of an infected animal. They can survive outside of the host for several months. Symptoms diarrhea, gas, nausea, and vomiting. Treatment is using antibiotic from veterinarian. Prevention keep a CLEAN ENVIRONMENT.

Front 25

Cattle Grub(Genus Hypoderma)

Back 25

a)hypoderma lineatumc)Affect domestic cattle in the Northern Hemisphere. Found mostly under the skin on the back of cattle.d)damaged hides, tissue/meat damage and carcass downgradef)milk reduction and subnormal weight gains.g)insecticide treatments and vaccinesh)Treatment should be after all heel fly activities cease.

Front 26

Flea Tapeworm(Genus Dipylidium)

Back 26

a) Dipylidium Caninumc)Affect cats and dogs intestines.d)Anal sacs are being blocked. f)Dog drags butt on ground or finding segments in feces.g)Monthly pills and keeping your animal away from the host.h)Injections or pills may be used.

Front 27

Heartworm Microfilaria(Genus Dirofilaria)

Back 27

a)Dirofilaria Immitisc)Affects dogs and cat's hearts.d)potentially fatalf)mild cough after exercise, fatigue after activity, and weight lossg) pillsh)Injections of drugs is most common

Front 28

Lice-Sucking(Genus Hematopinus)

Back 28

a)Anoplurac)found on dogs(usually long-haired)d)can be really irritating to dogsf)rubbing, scratching, and, biting of the animals skin.g)monthly control of fleas will also control this liceh)treated with flea control medicines

Front 29

Roundworm Adult(Genus Toxocara)

Back 29

a) nematodec)found inside of dogsd)Dogs can show signs of diarrhea, vomiting, and weight loss.f)Dull hair, potbellied, or coughing if parasite is in lungs.g)Keep living area clean and keep feces area clean.h)Check stools ever 2-4 weeks. Heartworm preventatives also work.

Front 30

Whipworm(Genus Trichuris)

Back 30

a)Trichuris trichura c)Found inside of dogs where the large intestine meets small.d)A severe case may cause death.f)Bloody diarrhea and possibly death if untreated.g)remove feces from yard regularlyh)fecal examinations

Front 31

Genus Isospora or Eimeria

Back 31

Coccidia

Effects cattle, sheep, goats, poultry.Affects liver and intestineSymptoms are diarrhea, weight loss, and dehydrationTreat it by just give medication to help stop the life cycleGood feeding practices and sanitation can help prevent it

Front 32

Genus Dipylidium

Back 32

Flea Tapeworm Egg*

Effects dogs and cats.Symptoms are nausea, weakness, and Diarrhea.Treated by use of epsiprantel, fenbendazole, and praziquantel drugs Prevent this by keeping your yard and dog flea free by using sprays and powders. Also by not letting you dog roam around

Front 33

Family Ancylostomatidae; Genus ancylostoma, Uncinaria, Bunostomum, or Globocephalus

Back 33

Hookworm Adult*

All animals can be effected. Their are two types that can effect humans. They can cause abdominal pain, nausea, and intestinal cramps.You can prevent this by wearing shoes outside and improve sanitation where hookworm infections are common.Treat it by improving nutrition and taking medication.

Front 34

Class Trematoda; Genus Fasciola, Fascioloides or Dicrocoelium

Back 34

Liver Fluke

Infections all gazing animals and humans.It causes weight loss, chronic disease, and chronic mastitis. They can treat it by using Triclabendazole and Nitroxynil. To help prevent it you can give one dose of flukeicide everyday.

Front 35

Family Ascarididae or Toxocaridae; Genus Toxocara, Toxascaris, Ascaris, Parascaris or Neoascaris

Back 35

Roundworm Egg*

Effects dogs and cats.Symptoms are fever, blood in stool, and appetite loss.Treatments Fenbendazole, milbemycin oxime, moxidectin, and pyrantel pamoate are approved for the treatment of ascarid (T. canis, T. cati, and/or Toxascaris leonina) infections in dogs and cats.You can prevent this by keeping cats indoors and dogs confined to a leash or in a fenced yard will limit the opportunity for cats and dogs to get it.

Front 36

Genus Trichuris

Back 36

Whipworm Egg*

They effect dogs and sometimes can effect humans.Symptoms are inflammation, hemorrhage, and anima.Treatments are piperazine salts, pyrantel pamoate, and their are many others.Animals should be restricted from contaminated areas. There is no effective method for killing whipworm eggs in the soil.