Skull And Facial Bones

Front 1

Parietal Bone

Back 1

Upper side of head

Front 2

Front Bone

Back 2

forehead

Front 3

(External) Sagittal Crest

Back 3

line/ridge between parietal bones

Front 4

Temporal Lines

Back 4

slight groove from frontal bone to parietal bone

Front 5

External Occipital Protuberance

Back 5

knob on back of head (superior)

Front 6

Nuchal Crest

Back 6

ridge from external occipital protuberance to the mastoid process/external acoustic meatus

Front 7

Temporal Fossa

Back 7

depression on the lateral/ventral aspect of the cranial cavity

Front 8

Squamous Portion of Temporal Bone

Back 8

majority of bone on the lateral surface

Front 9

Zygomatic Process of Temporal Bone

Back 9

caudal aspect of the zygomatic arch

Front 10

Tympanic Bulla

Back 10

bulbous structure under the external acoustic meatus; rostral to occipital condyles

Front 11

Petrous Portion of the Temporal Bone

Back 11

Hardest bone; located in the lateral/caudal aspect of the cranial cavity

Front 12

External Acoustic Meatus

Back 12

ear hole

Front 13

Sphenoid Complex

Back 13

3 large foramen rostral to the external acoustic meatus (composed of the basisphenoid and presphenoid bones); dorsal to pterygoid bone

Front 14

Nasal Bone

Back 14

most medial bone rostral to the frontal bone

Front 15

Maxilla

Back 15

lateral to nasal bone; rostral to zygomatic bone

Front 16

Incisive Bone

Back 16

lateral to nasal bone; medial to maxilla bone; surrounds the ventral portion of the nasal aperture

Front 17

Nasal Aperture

Back 17

nose hole

Front 18

Orbit

Back 18

eye hole

Front 19

Orbital Margin

Back 19

rim of the orbit (eye hole)

Front 20

Orbital Ligament

Back 20

caudal to orbital margin; lateral piece of orbital margin

Front 21

Zygomatic Bone

Back 21

the middle piece of the zygomatic arch between the maxilla and temporal bone

Front 22

Zygomatic Arch

Back 22

zygomatic bone + zygomatic process of the temporal bone + zygomatic process of the maxilla

Front 23

Palatine Bone

Back 23

inside orbital cavity, inferior to frontal bone, caudal to lacrimal bone; caudal aspect of the hard palate in the oral cavity

Front 24

Pterygoid Bone

Back 24

hook shaped; lateral to the soft palate on the ventral portion of the skull

Front 25

Pterygopalatine Fossa

Back 25

ventral to the palatine bone, rostral to the pterygoid bone

Front 26

Hard Palate

Back 26

rostral roof of the mouth

Front 27

Occipital Bone

Back 27

back of the head

Front 28

Paracondylar Process

Back 28

caudal to tympanic bulla, rostral to occipital condyles

Front 29

Mastoid Process

Back 29

between the external acoustic meatus and paracondylar process; end of nuchal crest

Front 30

Mandibular Fossa

Back 30

rostral to retroarticular process

Front 31

Retroarticular Process

Back 31

caudal to mandibular fossa; rostral to external acoustic meatus

Front 32

Optic Canal

Back 32

most dorsal hole of sphenoid complex

Front 33

Orbital Fissure

Back 33

middle hole of sphenoid complex

Front 34

Rostral Alar Foramen

Back 34

ventral hole of the sphenoid complex; opening to alar canal

Front 35

Alar Canal

Back 35

tube leading from rostral alar foramen

Front 36

Caudal Alar Foramen

Back 36

end of alar canal; rostral to oval foramen

Front 37

Round Foramen

Back 37

cranial opening to alar canal; third hole moving caudally

Front 38

Maxillary Foramen

Back 38

large hole at rostral aspect of orbital cavity

Front 39

Infraorbital Foramen

Back 39

large hole on maxilla, lateral to nasal bone

Front 40

Infraorbital Canal

Back 40

tube between maxillary and infraorbital foramen; rostral/ventral to the orbital cavity

Front 41

Oval Foramen

Back 41

caudal to caudal alar foramen; leads directly to cranial cavity

Front 42

Tympano-occipital Fissure

Back 42

hole caudal to tympanic bulla

Front 43

Stylomastoid Foramen

Back 43

caudal to external acoustic meatus, dorsal to tympanic bulla

Front 44

Hypoglossal canal

Back 44

smaller hole medial to tympano-occipital fissure

Front 45

Alveoli for Roots of Teeth

Back 45

tooth holes

Front 46

Palatine Fissure

Back 46

large holes in the hard palate between canine teeth

Front 47

Choanae

Back 47

openings to the nasal cavity, caudal to hard palate

Front 48

Occipital Condyles

Back 48

caudal/medial to paracondylar process; bilateral to foramen magnum

Front 49

Foramen Magnum

Back 49

large hole in the back of the head; medial to occipital condyles; entry point of spinal cord

Front 50

Mandible

Back 50

body, ramus, masseteric fossa, coronoid process, mandibular notch, condylar process, angular process, mandibular foramen, mental foramen

Front 51

Hyoid Apparatus

Back 51

Stylohyoid, Epihyoid, Ceratohyoid, Basihyoid, Thyrohyoid

Front 52

Cribriform Plate

Back 52

caudal/medial to frontal sinuses

Front 53

Sella Turcica

Back 53

medial space between tympanic bulla

Front 54

Tentorium Osseum

Back 54

flake in caudal/dorsal portion of cranial cavity

Front 55

Dorsal & Ventral Nasal Conchae

Back 55

spongy stuff in rostral nasal cavity

Front 56

Ethmoid Bone

Back 56

rostral/ventral to frontal bone

Front 57

Ethmoidal Labyrinth

Back 57

flaky, spongy, medial to orbital cavity

Front 58

Bony Part of Nasal Septum

Back 58

divides nose into left and right halves

Front 59

Frontal Sinus

Back 59

space ventral to nasal and frontal bone

Front 60

Maxillary Recess

Back 60

lateral space next to ethmoidal labyrinth

Front 61

Canine Dental Formula

Back 61

3-1-4-2/3-1-4-3

Front 62

Feline Dental Formula

Back 62

3-1-3-1/3-1-3-2

Front 63

Crown of Tooth

Back 63

everything exposed, covered in enamel

Front 64

Neck

Back 64

level with the socket (alveolus)

Front 65

Root

Back 65

everything in socket (alveolus)

Front 66

Upper Shearing Tooth

Back 66

Fourth premolar

Front 67

Lower Shearing Tooth

Back 67

First Molar

Front 68

Vestibular Surface

Back 68

outer surface of tooth by lips/cheek

Front 69

Lingual Surface

Back 69

inner surface of lower teeth by tongue

Front 70

Palatine surface

Back 70

inner surface of upper teeth by palate

Front 71

Occlusal/Masticating Surface

Back 71

surface of tooth used to chew

Front 72

Mesial Surface

Back 72

rostral/medial side of every tooth

Front 73

Distal Surface

Back 73

caudal/lateral side of every tooth

Front 74

Temporomandibular Joint

Back 74

between condylar process of mandible and mandibular fossa of temporal bone

Front 75

Mandibular Symphysis

Back 75

cartilage between left and right mandibles

Front 76

Atlanto-occipital Joint

Back 76

meeting point between occipital condyles and atlas (C1 vertebrae)