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158 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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small vesicle filled with pus
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pustule
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linear crack or break from epidermis to dermis
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fissure
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a raised macule, <1cm
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papule
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spotted blue-grey skin w/5-10mm macules
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arsenis
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AKA for ochronosis
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alkaptonuria
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large enclosed deep tissue cysst filled with pus
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abscess
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small, non-raised lesion, <1cm
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macule
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blue-grey color of periocular skin
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gold salt
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a small lump, less than 1cm
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nodule
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inability of the liver to break down bile pigments
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jaundice
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a raised patch greater than 1cm
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plaque
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excessie ingestion of carotene leading to yellow forehead, soles, hands, and behind the ears
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carotenemia
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open or closed comedomes
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acne vulgaris
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non-raised plaque, a larger magule,>1cm
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patch
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acne involving deep skin layer, infected cyst
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acne cystica
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concave loss of epidermis and dermis
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ulcer
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a large lump, greater than 1cm
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tumor
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anti-malarial treatment causing greenish-yellow skin
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Quinacrine
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resembles acne without comedomes
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rosacea
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a large blister
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bulla
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an elevated, irregular-shaped area of cutaneous edema
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wheal
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a semi-solid lump
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cyst
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mimis SLE, ANA test (-)
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rosacea
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a small blister filled with serous fluid
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vesicle
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AKA for neurodermatitis
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Lichen Simplex Chronicus
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diffuse blue-gray skin color
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Silver salts
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caused by increased sebum, testosterone, FSH, LH and stress.
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acne vulgaris
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pts are 30-60 year old females of Irish descent
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rosacea
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lichenification
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lichen simplex chronicus
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bed sore
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decubitus ulcer
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develops after contact with allergen
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contact dermatitis
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long standing pressure of the skin
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stasis ulcer
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allergic/autoimmune reaction with rash on the face, elbows, knees, hands, and feet (flexor surfaces)
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atopic eczema
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diabetes mellitus, thromboangiitis obliterans (Beurger's disease)
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stasis ulcer
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paroxysms of pruritis
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lichen simplex chronicus
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Wickham's striae
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lichen planus
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papule, purple, polygonal, pruritic
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lichen planus
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most common on wrist flexors, scalp, lumbar, and shins
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lichen planus
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coin-like red lesions that begin on the legs
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nummular eczema
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due to decreased blood supply to the skin
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stasis ulcer
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erythematus papules and plaques covered with silver-white scales
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psoriasis
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primarily on the extensor surfaces of the body
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psoriasis
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pitting of the nails
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psoriasis
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auspitz sign
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psoriasis
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areas that are repeatedly scratched or subjected to trauma may develop psoriasis
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Koebner phenomena
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inflammatory, flaky-white to yellowish plaques that develop most commonly on the scalp, nose, lip creases, behind the ears and folds in the midline of the body
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seborrheic dermatitis
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itching is due to flaking of epidermis
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seborrheic dermatitis
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on the scalp it's called dandruff
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seborrheic dermatitis
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in children, it is called "cradle cap"
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deborrheic dermatitis
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Herald/mother patch
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pityriasis rosea
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on the back, appears in a christmast tree pattern
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pityriasis rosea
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appearance resembles secondary syphilis
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pityriasis rosea
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common wart caused by human papilloma virus
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verruca vulgaris
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benign epithelial hyperplasia with surface hyperkeratosis
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verruca vulgaris
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"red or brown dots" (thrombosed capillary loops) are pathognomonic but not always visible without magnifying glass
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verruca vulgaris
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flat wart
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verruca plana
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common sites are the hands, periungual skin, elbows, knees, and plantar surfaces
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verruca plana
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often occurs at points of maximal pressure such as heads of metatarsal bones, heels, and toes
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plantar wart
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DDx: corn, which has a hard, painful translucent central core
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plantar wart
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1-2mm shiny white to flesh-colored dome shaped papule with small umbilication
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molluscum contagiosum
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erythematous, inflammatory halo around lesion typically signals spontaneous regression
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molluscum contagiosum
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viral, contagious from first prodrome (itch/burn sensation) until new skin has healed
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herpes simplex
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grows on moist tissues such as lips, genitalia, and anus.
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herpes simplex
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Test: Tzanck smear (scraping to look for multinucleated giant cell)
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herpes simplex
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acute local viral infection that lasts 2-3 weeks in patients with a history of chickenpox
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herpes zoster
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Lesions are red with clear vesicles. Distribution is typically unilateral and dermatomal
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herpes zoster
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white pimple around a hair root. Often found on arms and thighs.
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folliculitis
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boil, walled-off deep pus often caused by Staph aureus following trauma, scratching, shaving.
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furuncle
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folliculitis may progress to what?
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a furuncle
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a painful collection of infected, abscessed furuncles is what?
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a carbuncle
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pseudomonas infection from improperly sanitized hot tub.
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Hot tub folliculitis
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smallish, target-shaped lesions associated with herpes simplex, Mycoplasma pneumonia, and Upper respiratory tract infection.
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erythema multiforme
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target lesions are dusky red round macules and papules that may burn and itch found on palms, soles and backs of hands and feet. Center of lesion dark red surrounded by a sharp discrete ring of erythema. Lesions appear in crops and resolve in 1-2 weeks without scarring
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erythema multiforme
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secondary syphilic lesion, very contagious.
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condyloma lata
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moist, shiny, soft, flat-topped red to pale papules or plaques most commonly in anogenital regioun and mouth.
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condyloma lata
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red macules that become vesicles or pustules that may rupture, developing a golden crust with a "stuck on" appearance.
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impetigo
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Most commonly in children on distal head and limbs. Most commonly from Staph aureus.
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impetigo
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deeper, ulcerated impetigo
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ecthyma
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fungal infection (dermatophytosis) that affects many body parts. Passed thru direct contact and contact with combs, shoes, and socks. Increased by heat and humitidy. Predisposing factors are malnutrition, stress, and immunosuppression.
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tinea
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fungal infection that affects head and scalp. Most common in children..
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Tinea capitis
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fungal infection that affects hair follicles, maily of the chin.
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Tinea barbae
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fungal infection that affects and hands. Classical ringworm patten.
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Tinea manuum
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fungal infection that affects the whole body, ringworm annular lesions.
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Tinea corporis
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fungal infection that affects the inner thights. Common in diabetics.
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Tinea cruris
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fungal infection that affects feet.
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tinea pedis
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fungal infection that affects upper arms, neck, and abdomen. lesions resemble vitiligo.
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tinea versicolor
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fungal infection that affects nails.
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tinea unguium
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Examination reveals dull grean (or white-yellow, tinea versicolor) fluorescence of infected hairs.
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Wood's lamp examination
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Treatment of candida interigo.
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Lamisil cream
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red macular area, secondary to abrasion/bacterial infection of warm, moist skin. Found under breasts, and between legs.
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candida intertrigo
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found on nails, in the mouth, and groin. Groin rash common in diabetics. Creamy white exudate that can be scraped off.
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candida albicans
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candida albicans in the mouth is called?
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thrush
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DDx of candida albicans?
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leukoplakia (can't be scraped off)
-could be cancer |
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AKA for crabs
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pediculosis pubis
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lice infestation of hairy regions. Lice look like freckles but they move. Nits attach to hair shafts.
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Crabs/pediculosis pubis
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Mite infestation below the skin. Found on sides of hands, legs, and genitalia, form burrows. Itching especially intense at night. Burrows are visible with use of India inks.
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Scabies
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the most common of the benigns epithelial tumors, does not become malignant.
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seborrheic keratosis
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"greasy" look and feel. Hereditary. Appear after age 30 and varies in extent from a few lesions to hundreds of lesions.
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Seborrheic keratosis
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what is mandatory is seborrheic keratosis resembles melanoma?
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a punch biopsy
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total absence of terminal scalp hair
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alopecia totalis
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total loss of terminal body and scalp hair
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alopecia universalis
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bandlike pattern of hair loss over periphery of scalp
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ophiasis
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"exclammation point" hairs
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alopecia areata
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localized loss of hair in round or oval areas without visible inflammation of the skin. Occurs in children and adults <25. Associated with Hashimotos, vitiligo, and myasthenia gravis.
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alopecia areata
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normal male-pattern baldness
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androgenetic alopecia
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the most common cause of virulent soft tissue infection in healthy host. Superficial cutaneous cellulitis presenting as a painful, bright red, raised edematous, indurated plaque w/ advancing raised borders, sharply marginated from surrounding normal skin.
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Erysipelas
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What causes Erysipelas?
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Group A beta-hemolytic strep (GAS)
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Much like erysipelas but extends into subcutaneous tissues.
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cellulitis
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What the the 2 primary agents of cellulitis?
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1) GAS
2) S. aureus |
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fish-scale like hyperkeratosis most pronounced on lower legs. Xerosis and pruritis worse in winter, improve in warm, humid climates
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ichthyosis vulgaris
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small spiny hyperkeratoses around hair follicles, mostly on extensor surfaces or cheeks.
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keratosis pilaris
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Serious, acute or chronic bullous, autoimmune disease of skin and mucous membranes often fatal unless treated aggressively with immunosupressive agents.
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pemphigus vulgaris
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Most common in jewish and mediterranean populations, 40-60 years old at onset. Associated epistaxis, hoarseness, dysphagia, weakness, malaise, and weight loss.
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pemphigus vulgaris
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Nikolsky sign
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pemphigus vulgaris
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Pressure on bulla leads to lateral extension of blister is termed?
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Nikolsky sign
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What is the most common bullous autoimmune disease?
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Bullous pemphigold
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How is bullous pemphigold treated?
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Treated with prednisone
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AKA for port-wine stain?
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Nevus flammeus
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Birthmark. Irregularly shaped or violaceous capillary malformation.
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port-wine stain
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AKAs for spider angioma?
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1) arterial spider
2) spider telandiectasia 3) vascular spider |
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Presents as network of dilated capillaries radiating from central arteriole, up to 1.5cm in diameter. Most common on face, forearms and hands. More common in females and in hyperestrogenic states such as pregnancy. also in pts with hepatocellular disease (viral hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis).
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spider angioma
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dark blue to violet, asymptomatic soft papule occuring on face, lips, and ears of pts >50 years old. Results from dilated venule. Sun exposure.Diascopy reveals vascular lesion.
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venous lake
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AKAs for cherry angioma?
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1) Campbell de Morgan spots
2) Senile (hem)angioma |
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very common asymptomatic bright red to violet domed vascular lesions. May appear as tiny red papular spots resembling petechiae. First appear age 30 and increase in number with age.
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cherry angioma
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AKA for skin tag?
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acrochordon
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very common, soft, skin-colored or brown, round or oval pedunculated polyp. Most common in middle-aged, elderly, females, and obese.
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skin tag
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what is the most common cutaneous cyst?
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epidermoid cyst
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cyst filled with keratin and lipich-rich debris. Thin walled and easily ruptured. Contents of cyst are creamy colored with pasty consistency and smell like rancid cheese.
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epidermoid cyst
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wen
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epidermoid cyst
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sebaceous cyst
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epidermoid cyst
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indundibular or epidermal cyst
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epidermoid cyst
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benign subcutaneous tumor that is soft, rounded or lobulated and movable against the overlying skin.
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lipoma
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an autosomal dominant trait apearing in early childhood that presents with hundreds of slowly growing nontender lipomas.
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familial lipoma syndrome
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a single elongated exquisitely tender nodule on the free border of the helix of the ear. Probably due to constant mechanical and environmental trauma. Dome-shaped surface, white-waxy and translucent.
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chondrodermatitis nodular helices
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DDX for chondrodermatitis nodular helices?
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basal and squamous cell carcinoma
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solar keratosis
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actinic keratosis
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most common precursor lesions of squamous cell carcinoma in situe and invasive squamous cell carcinoma in individuals of northern european heritage.
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actinic keratosis
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dry, rough, adherent scaly lesion on habitually sun exposed skin. Better felt than seen.
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actinic keratosis
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In situ most often caused by UV radiation or HPV. Pink or red in color with scaling surface, small erosions and can be crusted.
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squamous cell carcinoma
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When in situ, aka Bowen's disease.
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squamous cell carcinoma
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May be mistaken for eczema or psoriasis.
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squamous cell carcinoma
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Appearance of nodular lesions signals invasion has occurred and then it is called Bowen's carcinoma.
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squamous cell carcinoma
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most common type of skin cancer.
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basal cell carcinoma
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"danger zones" of the face of basal cell carcinoma?
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central face
nasolabial folds around eye sulcus behind the ear -possible invasion of dura mater |
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How is basal cell carcinoma in the danger zones of the face removed?
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Moh;s surgery
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ulcerating lesion with central necrosis of basal cell carcinoma
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rodent ulcer
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Gorlin's syndrome
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basal cell nevus syndrome
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autosomal dominant disorder that results in multiple basal cell carcinoma lesions and "palmoplantar pits" as well as variable expression of abnormalities in # of systems including skeletal malformations.
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basal cell nevus syndrome
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What are the 4 types of melanoma?
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1) superficial spreading (most common)
2) nodular 3) lentigo maligna melanoma 4) acral lentiginous melanoma |
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Where is superficial spreading melanoma most frequently found?
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upper back
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ABCDE rule
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Asymmetry
Borders Color Diameter Elevation/enlargement |
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red, white, blue color of superficial spreading melanoma is called?
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american flag or tricolore
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most frequent sites of melanoma in white males?
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1) back
2) upper extremities |
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most frequent sites of melanoma in white females?
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1) back
2) lower legs |
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most frequent sites of melanoma in blacks and asians?
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1) soles
2) mucous membranes 3) palms 4) nail beds |
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Patient risk factors for melanoma?
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MMRISK
Moles - atypical nevus >5 Moles - numerous >50 Red hair & freckling Inability to tan Sunburn Kindred |
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madonna fingers
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Scleroderma
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raynaud's phenomenon
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scleroderma
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