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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The skeletal system includes
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bones of the skeleton
cartilages, ligaments, and connective tissues |
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What are the functions of the skeletal system
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support
storage of minerals(calcium) storage of lipids (yellow marrow) blood cell production (red bone marrow) protection and leverage (force of motion) |
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in what whys are bones classified
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shape
internal tissue organization bone markings (surface features; markings) |
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what are the bone shapes
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long bones
flat bones sutural bones irregular bones short bones sesamoid bones |
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long bones
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are long and thin
found in arms, legs, hands, feet, fingers, and toes |
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flat bones
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are thin with parallel surfaces
are found ing the skull, sternum, ribs, and scapulae |
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sutural bones
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are small and irregular bones
are found between the flat bones of the skull |
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irregular bones
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have complex shapes
examples are spinal vertebrae, and pelvic bones |
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short bones
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are small and thick
examples are wrist and ankles |
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sesamoid bones
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are small and flat
develop inside tendons near joints of knees, hands, and feet |
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types of bone markings
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depression or grooves
projections tunnels |
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characteristics of depressions or grooves
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along the bones surface
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characteristics of projections
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where tendons and ligaments attach
at articulations with other bones |
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characteristics of tunnels
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where the blood and nerves enter the bones
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what is the structure of a long bone
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diaphysis
epiphysis metaphysis |
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what is diaphysis
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the shaft
a heavy wall of compact bones, or dense bone a central space called medullary (marrow) cavity |
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what is epiphysis
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-wide part at each end
-articulation with other bones -mostly spongy (cancellous) bone -covered with compact bone (cortex) |
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metaphysis
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-where diaphysis and epiphysis meet.
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structure of a flat bone
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ex: the parietal bone of the skull
-resembles a sandwich of spongy bone -between two layers of compact bone |
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what is diploe
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within the cranium, the layer of spongy bone between the compact bone
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bone (osseous) tissue is
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-dense, supportive connective tissue
-contains specialized cells -produces solid matrix of calcium salt deposits -around collagen fibers |
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characteristics of bone tissue
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-dense matrix
-canaliculi -peruosteum |
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dense matrix contains
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-deposits of calcium salts
-osteocytes with in the lacunae organize around the blood vessels |
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what is an osteocyte
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bone cell
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what is lacunae
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is a gap
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canaliculi
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-forms pathways for blood vessels
-exchange nutrients and wastes |
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periosteum
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-covers outer surface of bones
-consists of outer fibrous and inner cellular layers |
