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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Agonist |
Muscle has a major responsibility for a producing a specific movement |
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Antagonist |
Muscles that oppose or reverse a particular movement Can help regulate agonist movements |
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Synergists |
Help agonist by adding extra force to movement or reduce undesirable movements Can exert force to specific location |
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Fixators |
Synergists that immobilize a bone so agonist has a stable base on which to act on |
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Circular (fascicle arrangements) |
Fascicles arranged in concentric circles, surround external body openings Ex:orbicularis oris |
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Convergent (fascicle arrangements) |
Has a broad origin, fascicles converge toward single tendon of insertion, has triangular or fan shape Ex: pectoralis major |
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Parallel (fascicle arrangements) |
Length of fascicles runs parallel to the long axis of the muscle Are straplike or spindle shaped (fusiform) Ex:biceps branchii |
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Unipennate |
When fascicles only insert into one side of the tendon Ex. Extensor digitorum longus |
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Bipennate |
Fascicles insert into to tendon from opposite sides, muscle looks like feather Ex. Rectus femoris |
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Multipennate |
Looks like many feathers side by side, all ends inserted into one large tendon Ex. Deltoid |
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Origin |
Muscle attached to fixed or immovable part of bone |
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Insertion |
Muscle attached to the movable bone |
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Muscle location (named) |
Indicate bone or body region where muscle is associated Ex. Temporal, costal (rib) |
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Muscle shape (named) |
Deltoid shaped like triangle Trapezius muscles form trapezoid |
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Muscle size (named) |
Maximus (largest), minimis (smallest), longus (long), brevis (short) |
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Direction of muscle fibers (named) |
Rectus (straight), transversus (right angle), oblique (obliquely) To midline of long axis of bone or body |
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Number of origins (named) |
Biceps (two), triceps (three), quadriceps (four) Each head attached to different origin |
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Location of attachment (named) |
Origin then insertion when named Ex. Sternocleidmastoid |
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Muscle action (named) |
Movement produced Ex. Flexor, extensor, adductor |
