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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fitz-Hugh Curtis syndrome
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PID --> infection of liver capsule, violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
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tx for pustular acne
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Tetracyline- prevent tRNA binding to ribosome
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Most common adrenal medulla tumor in children
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Neuroblastoma- can occur anywhere along sympathetic chain
- N-myc oncogene |
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cortisol's effect on bone
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decreases bone formation
- hypercalcemia in Addison's |
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MEN I
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Parathyroid
Pituitary Pancreatic - Zollinger Ellison, VIPoma - present with kidney stones and stomach ulcers |
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MEN IIA
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Medullary thyroid
Pheo Parathyroid RET |
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MEN IIB
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Medullary thyroid
Pheo Oral/intestinal ganglioneuromatosis - marfanoid habitus |
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psammoma bodies
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papillary thyroid cancer
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amyloid- calcitonin
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medullary thyroid cancer
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SE of 1st gen sulfonylureas (tolbutamide, chlorpropamide)
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disulfiram like reaction
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SE of 2nd gen sulfonylureas (glyburide, glimepiride, glipizide)
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hypoglycemia
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SE of metformin (biguanide)
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NO hypoglycemia
- LACTIC ACIDOSIS contraindicated in renal failure |
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alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
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delays sugar hydrolysis in gut ---> decreased prostprandial glucose
- acarbose, miglitol |
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pramlintide
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amylin analog
decreases glucagon slows gastric emptying |
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Exenatide
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GLP-1 mimetic
- decreases glucagon - increases insulin release SE- nausea, vomiting, pancreatitis |
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sitagliptin
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DPP4 inhibitor- increase GLP levels
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orlistat
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alters fat metabolism- inhibits pancreatic lipases
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Sibutramine
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5HT and NE reuptake inhibitor
- obesity management |
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Mithimazole
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TPO inhibitor (like propylthiouracil)
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demeclocycline
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ADH antagonist
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Glucocorticoid mechanism
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inhibits phospholipase A2 and COX2 expression --> decreased leukotrienes and prostaglandins
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islet cell destruction in DM1
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T cell mediated- antibodies generated as a result of islet cell destruction
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LH stimulates in women
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theca interna --> androgens
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FSH stimulates in women
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granulosa --> estrogen from androgens
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amiodarone effect on thyroid
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amiodarone has lots of iodine --> iodine overload --> hypothyroid
- can also cause toxic nodular thryoid (hyper) |
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Adenomyosis
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Endometrial glandular tissue in myometrium
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comedocarcinoma
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subtype of DCIS
- Ductal, caseous necrosis |
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partial mole
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XXY - 2 sperm, 1 egg
- fetal parts - low risk of malignancy |
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complete mole
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2 sperm- XY or XX
- no fetal parts - higher risk of malignancy |
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placenta accreta
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placenta attaches to myometrium --> no separation after birth
causes: prior C section, multiparity |
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GI abnormality associated with polyhdramnios
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esophageal/duodenal atresia
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pain during menstruation
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endometriosis- cyclic bleeding from ectopic endometrial tissue
- ovaries |
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asherman's
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intrauterine adhesions
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female equivalent to seminoma?
markers? |
dysgerminoma of ovary
- hCG, LDH - placental Alk Phos - Sheets of uniform cells - rarer than male version |
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yolk sac tumor marker
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AFP
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struma ovarii
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Teratoma of ovary with functional thyroid tissue
- hyperthyroid presentation |
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osteitis fibrosa cystica
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Brown tumors in cystic spaces lined by osteoclasts
- From hyperparathyroidism - high Alk Phos |
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McCune-Albright syndrome-
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polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
- Bone is replaced by fibroblasts, collagen --> whorls - associated with precocious puberty - cafe au lait- coast of maine spots |
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t (11,22)
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Ewings Sarcoma
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HELLP syndrome
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Hemolytic anemia
Elevated LFTs Low platelets |
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hormonal abnormalities in klinefelter's
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dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules --> decreased inhibin --> increase FSH
abnormal leydig cell function --> decreased testosterone --> increased LH --> Increased estrogen |
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opioid effect on pain transmission
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Increases K+ efflux postsynaptically
- decreases transmission of pain because nerve is hyperpolarized |
