Sileramram Usmle Embryology

Front 1

postnatal derivative of notocord?

Back 1

nucleus pulposus of intervertebral discs

Front 2

gut organs that are endoderm

Back 2

pancreas, gut, liver

Front 3

gut organs that are mesoderm

Back 3

serous linings of cavities
spleen, lymphatics, kidneys, adrenal cortex

Front 4

ACE inhibitor- effect on fetus?

Back 4

renal damage

Front 5

alkylating agents- effect on fetus?

Back 5

absence of digits- multiple anomalies

Front 6

smoking, (nicotine, CO) effect on fetus

Back 6

preterm labor, placental problems, ADHD

Front 7

Tetracycline effect on fetus?

Back 7

discolored teeth

Front 8

vitamin A excess- effect on fetus

Back 8

spontaneous abortions
birth defects (cleft palate, cardiac abnormalities)

Front 9

what day is chorion formed?

Back 9

Day 3

Front 10

What day is amnion formed?

Back 10

Day 8

Front 11

during which period can you have a monochorionic diamniotic placenta?

Back 11

Day 3-8

Front 12

What day do monozygotic twins usually develop?

Back 12

Day 5 - blastocyst stage
- usually monochorionic diamniotic

Front 13

What fetal component makes hCG?

Back 13

synctiotrophoblasts

Front 14

maternal part of placenta

Back 14

decidua basalis

Front 15

Urachus

Back 15

duct between bladder and yolk sac
- yolk sac --> allantois --> urachus

Front 16

patent urachus

Back 16

urine discharge from umbilicus

Front 17

Vesicourachal diverticulum

Back 17

outpoutching of bladder- from failure of urachus to obliterate

Front 18

vitelline duct

Back 18

connects yolk sac to midgut lumen

Front 19

Vitelline fistula

Back 19

failure of duct to close --> meconium discharge from umbilicus

Front 20

Prosencephalon

Back 20

Telencephalon- cerebral hemisphere, lateral ventricles

Diencephalon- thalami, 3rd ventricle

Front 21

Mesencephalon

Back 21

midbrain

Front 22

Rhombocephalon

Back 22

Metencephalon- pons, cerebellum, aqueduct

Myelencephalon- medulla, 4th ventricle

Front 23

high AFP at 4th week

Back 23

neural tube defect- fusion failure
- spina bifida
- anencephaly- no brain

Front 24

Syringomyelia

Back 24

enlarged central canal of spinal cord
- crossing fibers damaged first --> cape like bilateral loss of pain and temperature

- associated with arnold chiari II

Front 25

branchial clefts derived from

Back 25

ectoderm

Front 26

Branchial arches derived from

Back 26

mesoderm

Front 27

Branchial pouches derived from

Back 27

endoderm

Front 28

Innervation of stylopharyngeus

Back 28

CN IX- arch 3

Front 29

action of arch 4

Back 29

swallowing - CN X

Front 30

action of arch 6

Back 30

speaking - CNX

Front 31

action of arch 1

Back 31

chewing- CN V

Front 32

action of arch 2

Back 32

facial expression - CN VII

Front 33

bicornuate uterus

Back 33

incomplete fusion of paramesonephric ducts
- UTI, infertility

Front 34

exstrophy

Back 34

bladder outside of body
- associated with epispadias- dorsal opening of penis

Front 35

caudal regression syndrome

Back 35

- maternal diabetes
- agenesis of sacrum --> flaccid paralysis of lower extremities etc

Front 36

Teratogen that looks like Di George?

Back 36

Vitamin A

Front 37

Common carotid is from which aortic arch?

Back 37

3rd

Front 38

Ductus arteriosus is from which aortic arch

Back 38

6th
(pulmonary arteries too)

Front 39

Most common cause of bilateral hydronephrosis in fetus?

Back 39

ureteropelvic junction - last to canalize

Front 40

surfactant stimulated by what?

Back 40

cortisol from mother and fetus in 3rd trimester

Front 41

melanocytes- which layer?

Back 41

neural crest

Front 42

hydrocele pathogenesis

Back 42

persistent tunica vaginalis - abdominal fluid leaks into tesis
- like indirect inguinal hernia

Front 43

increased amniotic fluid -->

Back 43

anencephaly