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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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School Based Victimization Data |
2008 Data: * 1.2 million nonfatal violent crimes * 4% of students victimized in previous 6 months |
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Most Common Form of Victimization |
Theft |
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Least Common Forms of Victimization |
* Violent Victimization * Violent Death 2008 - 2009: 15 Homicides 7 Suicides |
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Who is Most Likely Victimized? |
* Male students - physical victimization * 10% of male 15% of female students reported threats or injury with a weapon * 59% of all non-fatal crimes were committed against males |
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Structural Factors that Increase Risk for Victimization at School |
Schools location: Crime ridden neighborhoods |
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Individual Factors that Increase Risk for Victimization at School |
* Low self control * Lack of guardianship * deviant peers * Adolescence marked by behavioral/biological changes |
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What is Bullying? |
Intentional infliction of injury of discomfort |
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Direct Bullying |
physical and verbal actions in presence of victim |
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Indirect Bullying |
* Subtle * Covert * Difficult to detect * Rational aggression |
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Characteristics of School Shooters |
* Assailants * Socioeconomic status * Many have no previous criminal record * Motivation for attack |
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Where Do We Get This Info? |
* NCVS * School Crime Supplement * Additional Survey Efforts: - School survey on crime and safety - Schools and staffing survey - Youth risk behavior surveillance system [9th - 12th grade] |
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How Frequently does Bullying take place & what factors increase vulnerability for bulling victimization? |
prevalence: 2007 - 33% bullied at school [1 out of 3] National Institute of Child Health & Human Development - 1.6 million children bullied weekly - 17% of children in grades 6 - 10 bullied - 6% of children are threatened with harm Factors: - Males - Withe & Hispanic youth - Learning disabilities, ADHD, physical disabilities - Obesity - Gay Youth |
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Effective Responses to Bullying |
Involve parents, school, & community - peer mediation: - train a group of students - help peers settle disagreements - evaluations |
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What are the Characteristics of School Shooters? |
* Assailants * Socioeconomic status * Many have No previous criminal record * Motivation for attack |
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How had the media & the general public responded to school shootings? |
Media: - "Epidemic" - Culture of Fear public: - Inflated perception of danger - 2 out of 3 americans believed that something like Columbine could happen in their area |
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prevalence of school shooting |
prevalence [1999] - 17 students killed - 2,500 youth [ages 5-19] murdered outside of school - 9,700 killed in accidents |
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The likelihood of a school shooting occurring on a US school campus |
* 10 yr period * 207 student homicides in US schools - Average of 21 deaths per year * 125,000 elementary & secondary schools in the nation * Any school can expect to experience a student homicide once every 6,000 yrs |
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Strategies for prevention of school shootings and have they been effective |
- Gun-Free Schools Act [GFSA - 1994] - Beginning of zero-tolerance movement - range of policies - widespread adoption - empirical evidence - criticisms - Target - Hardening strategies - security agencies - measures - empirical evidence - Gun Carrying on School Campuses |
