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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Traditional Authority |
The right to make decisions that is based on the sanctity of time-honored routines conferred by custom and accepted practices. Examples include monarchies and chieftainships. |
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Charismatic Authority |
The right to make decisions that is based on perceived extraordinary personal characteristics that inspire devotion and obedience. Examples include Malcolm X and Adolph Hitler. |
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Primary Labor Market |
Includes occupations that provide extensive benefits to workers. Characterized by high income, personally challenging and satisfying jobs, job security, and internal labor markets (career paths and possibility of promotions). |
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Secondary Labor Market |
Jobs providing minimal benefits to workers. Characterized by low pay, lack of job security, dead-end jobs, and dissatisfying jobs. |
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Capitalism |
An economic system in which natural resources and the means of producing goods and services are privately owned and used by its owners to maximize their own gain. |
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Socialism |
An economic system in which productive tools and the means of producing goods and services are collectively owned and managed by workers to use for the common good. |
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Primary Group |
A small social group in which relationships are personal and enduring. There is face-to-face interaction and cooperation. People share many activities, spend a lot of time together, and feel they know each other well. Members think of the group as an end in itself rather than as a means to other ends. Members engage each other as unique individuals. An example is the family. |
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Secondary Group |
Larger, formal, impersonal group based on some special shared interest and/or activity. Relationships involve little personal knowledge and weak emotional ties. They are short term and goal oriented. Members hardly develop a deep concern for one another's overall welfare. |
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Predestination |
Refers to the theological belief that we cannot earn our way to salvation; we are predestined for either salvation or damnation. Our salvation is God's decision, not our own work. The result is isolation, in which individuals searched for signs of grace that would tell them whether they were among the saved or the damned. |
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Latent Functions of Schooling |
Functions of school that are not necessarily deliberate. Schooling provides childcare for working parents, keeps adolescents out of competition in the labor market, and establishes social relationships and networks that can have lasting importance in our lives. |
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Power Elite Model |
An analysis of politics that views power as concentrated in the hands of a small, organized elite. A group of high-status people - the well educated, often wealthy and placed in high occupational positions - control power in society. |
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Evolutionary Theory of Social Change |
Views society as moving in a definite direction. Early evolutionary theorists generally agree that society is inevitable progressing to a higher state. Unilinear evolutionary theory contends that all societies pass through the same successive stages of evolution and inevitably reach the same end. Multilinear evolutionary theory holds that change can occur in several ways and that it does not inevitably lead in the same direction. |
