Sgu Svm Anatomy Overview 2

Front 1

Another name for the vertebral column is the _______.

Back 1

Spinal cord/ backbone

Front 2

The two scapulae form what structure?

Back 2

Thoracic girdle

Front 3

Of what does the manus consist?

Back 3

Carpal, Metacarpal, digital (sesamoids and phalanges) bones

Front 4

The hindlimb is also called the _____ limb.

Back 4

Pelvic limb

Front 5

Is a gomphosis a true joint?

Back 5

No, because teeth are not part of the skeleton

Front 6

An epiphyseal plate is what type of structural joint? Functional joint (movement)?

Back 6

Cartilaginous; immovable

Front 7

What are two immovable joints and their structural classification?

Back 7

Growth plate (cartilage) &
suture (fibrous)

Front 8

What are two slightly movable joints and their structural classification?

Back 8

Symphysis (cartilaginous),
Syndesmosis/ "ligamentous" (fibrous)

Front 9

What cartilaginous joints tightly bind bones together and still allow some movement?

Back 9

Symphysis (cartilaginous-slightly movable)

Front 10

List examples of symphyses?

Back 10

Pelvic symphysis, mandibular symphysis, joints between sternebrae, intervertebral discs

Front 11

What type of joint occurs between the bodies of most vertebrae?

Back 11

Symphyseal- intervertebral disc

Front 12

A symphysis is what type of structural joint? What is the uniting medium?

Back 12

Cartilaginous; fibrocartilage

Front 13

List the 5 types of bone according to shape.

Back 13

Short, flat, irregular, sesamoid, & long

Front 14

How is movement of body parts accomplished?

Back 14

Interactions of bones, their joints and muscles.

Front 15

The space in the diaphysis of long bones contains_________ and is called the ______ _________.

Back 15

Marrow; Medullary cavity

Front 16

Give a few synonyms for the epiphyseal plate?

Back 16

Epiphyseal plate, growth plate, physis, metaphyseal plate

Front 17

Compact bone encloses spongy bone and the ______ spaces of the long bones.

Back 17

Marrow/ medullary

Front 18

How do intramembranous and endochondral osteogenesis of the mesenchymal precursor (primitive cells) of bone differ?

Back 18

Intramembranous: turned directly to bone.

Endochondral: turned to cartilage 1st then into bone.

Front 19

Where does intramembranous ossification take place?

Back 19

Flat bones of the skull

Front 20

How does bone increase in diameter?

Back 20

Action of the osteoblasts beneath the periosteum.

Front 21

What is the diaphyseal side of the physis where cartilage metamorphases (change) into bone?

Back 21

Metaphysis

Front 22

What is a process due to muscle pull instead of an ossification center? Give an example?

Back 22

Apophysis; deltoid tuberosity

Front 23

Which type of physes contributes the most to lengthening of a long bone?

Back 23

Compression, not traction

Front 24

What is a smooth, flat, articular surface?

Back 24

Facet/ fovea

Front 25

A ______ is a sharp, slender process.

Back 25

spine

Front 26

Name a rounded, articular process found on the prox. humerus and femur.

Back 26

Head

Front 27

Name the large blunt process found only on the femur.

Back 27

Trochanter

Front 28

Name the process of the humerus similar to the trochanter of the femur.

Back 28

Tubercle

Front 29

Tarsal bones are classified as _______ bones and are ________-shaped.

Back 29

Short; cube

Front 30

List five processes.

Back 30

Condyle, epicondyle, trochanter, tubercle, tuberocity, line, crest, head, spine, etc

Front 31

What is a place of union between two or more bones of the skeleton?

Back 31

Articulation and joint

Front 32

What are two fibrous joints and what is the functional (movement) classification of each?

Back 32

Suture (immovable),
Syndesmosis ("ligament joint),
(e.g. attachments between costal cartilage parts making up the costal arch and the interosseous ligament between the radius and ulna in carnivores (slightly movable).

Front 33

What is the fibrous implantation of the teeth into the alveoli or the jaw bones?

Back 33

Gomphosis

Front 34

What structure connects the pelvic limb to the axial skeleton?

Back 34

Pelvic girdle

Front 35

Name 3 of the 4 embryonic bones that form the hip bone?

Back 35

Ilium, pubis, ischium (and acetabular bone)

Front 36

What are the primary functions of the fore and hindlimbs?

Back 36

Forelimb: support and walking
Hindlimb: support and forward

Front 37

What type of stance do carnivores have?

Back 37

Digitigrade

Front 38

What is another name for the elbow joint?

Back 38

Cubital joint

Front 39

Where is the elbow joint?

Back 39

Between humerus ulna, and radius

Front 40

What joints are between a metacarpal bone and a proximal phalanx?

Back 40

Metacarpophalangeal (MP) Joints

Front 41

Of what does a typical intervertebral articulation (joint) consist?

Back 41

Symphyseal (intervertebral disc) joint + synovial (cranial & caudal articular processes) joints

Front 42

What connective tissue caps the spinous process of the back?

Back 42

Supraspinous ligament

Front 43

What lubricating, viscous fluid is produced by synovial membranes?

Back 43

Synovial fluid

Front 44

What is the function of the articular cartilage?

Back 44

Reduces concussion & friction effects

Front 45

What is the nerve and vascular supply in articular cartilage?

Back 45

Doesn't have any

Front 46

What supplies the the nutrients and removes waste from hyaline cartilage?

Back 46

Synovial fluid

Front 47

Where are bursae located?

Back 47

Between skin & bones, tendons & bones, muscles & bones, or ligaments & bones

Front 48

Where are synovial sheaths commonly found?

Back 48

Carpus, tarsus, digits

Front 49

Give an example of a compound joint.

Back 49

Stifle, elbow (> than 2 articular surfaces)

Front 50

Give examples of a plane joint.

Back 50

Carpal, small tarsal bones, cranial & caudal articulations between vertebrae.

Front 51

Give examples of a ball-and-socket joint

Back 51

Shoulder & hip joints

Front 52

What is a uniaxial joint allowing rotation around a longitudinal axis of a bone?

Back 52

Pivot joint

Front 53

Give an example of a pivot joint

Back 53

Atlanto-axial joint, proximal radioulnar joint

Front 54

What uniaxial joint is formed by 2 condyles of 1 bone fitting into concavities of another bone

Back 54

Condylar joint

Front 55

Give an example of a condylar joint?

Back 55

Femorotibial (stifle) temporomandibular, atlanto-occipital

Front 56

What type of action is permitted by a condylar joint

Back 56

Flexion & Extension & a little rotation

Front 57

Name three structures consisting of common integument.

Back 57

Sweat glands, skin, claws, hoof, horn, and hair

Front 58

Of what does the subcutaneous layer consist?

Back 58

Loose connective tissue

Front 59

What are the long filamentous appendages of skin?

Back 59

Hair

Front 60

What is the smooth muscle associated with hair?

Back 60

Arrector pili muscle

Front 61

What is the insertion of a muscle?

Back 61

Distal or usually more movable attachment

Front 62

What is the origin of the muscle?

Back 62

Proximal or usually least movable attachment

Front 63

Which attachment is the origin for the extrinsic limb muscles and the muscles of the rest of the body?

Back 63

Least movable

Front 64

What type of muscle's fibers encircle an opening?

Back 64

Sphincter

Front 65

Muscles having the same action on a joint will generally be innervated by the _____ nerve.

Back 65

same

Front 66

How do muscles work mechanically?

Back 66

by pulling, not pushing

Front 67

In anatomy how does the length of a name compare to the importance of a structure?

Back 67

Longer name= less important

Front 68

List the two synonyms for the superficial fascia.

Back 68

Subcutanious connective tissue, hypodermis, subcutis

Front 69

What are the extensions of the deep fascia compartmentalizing the muscles?

Back 69

Septa

Front 70

List two cutaneous muscles.

Back 70

Cutaneous trunci and supramammary muscles

Front 71

In which layer are the cutaneous muscle located?

Back 71

In the superficial fascia

Front 72

What is the innervation of the cutaneous trunci muscle?

Back 72

Lateral thoracic nerve

Front 73

What is the function of the cutaneous muscles?

Back 73

Twitch skin, shoo flies away

Front 74

With what is the word brachium easy to confuse?

Back 74

Brachy (meaning short)

Front 75

List 5 structures you should easily be able to palpate on the thoracic limb.

Back 75

Spine of scapula, acromion, point of shoulder, epicondyles, point of elbow

Front 76

List three things you can palpate on the thoracic limb.

Back 76

Tubercoxae, greater trochanter, ischiatic tuber, and point of hock

Front 77

What does the external perineum include in the female dog (bitch)?

Back 77

Anus and the vulva

Front 78

What is the ventral boundary of the perineum in the male dog (dog)?

Back 78

Top of the scrotum

Front 79

What are the boundaries of the perineum?

Back 79

Dorsal; base of tail; lateral: tuber ischii; ventrally past vulva or base or scrotum

Front 80

What word can be mistaken for the word perineum?

Back 80

Peritoneum, peroneal