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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
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The design, implementation, and evaluation of environmental modifications to produce socially significant improvements in human behavior.
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Behaviorism
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The philosophy of the science of behavior.
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Determinism
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Behavior is lawful. The universe is an orderly and lawful place. All phenomena occur as the result of other events. Behavior is a function of genetics and the environment.
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Empiricism
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The objective observation with thorough description and quantification of the phenomena of interest. Behavior can be studied scientifically. Induction is used to derive scientific facts.
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Experiment
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A carefully controlled comparison of some measure of the phenomenon of interest (the DV) under two or more conditions in which only one factor at a time (the IV) differs from one condition to another.
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Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)
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Founded by Skinner. Study of behavior that uses rate, repeated or continuous measurement, single-subject design, and graphs (e.g. cumulative record). The behavior studied is chosen for ease of measurement for basic research.
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Explanatory Fiction
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A hypothetical explanation of behavior that leads to circular reasoning.
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Functional Relation
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The demonstration of the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable.
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Hypothetical Construct
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A presumed but unobserved inner process or entity, (e.g., Freud's id, ego, and superego).
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Mentalism
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Assumes an inner dimension separate from behavior that influences behavior.
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Methodological Behaviorism
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Philosophy of the science of behavior that does NOT include private events.
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Parsimony
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Requires that all simple, logical explanations for the phenomena of interest be ruled out experimentally or conceptually before more complex or abstract explanations are considered.
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Philosophic Doubt
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Requires the scientist to continually question the truthfulness of what is regarded as fact. All knowledge is viewed as tentative.
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Radical Behaviorism
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Philosophy of the science of behavior developed by Skinner. Includes private events as behavior.
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Replication
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Repeating the same experiment, or repeating any part of an experiment, or repeating an experiment while varying other conditions (type of participant, setting, etc).
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Science
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A systematic approach to seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural world.
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Applied
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investigates socially significant behaviors with immediate importance to the subject(s)
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Behavioral
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entails precise measurement of the actual behavior in need of improvement and documents that it was the subjects behavior that changed it.
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Analytic
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Demonstrates experimental control over the occurrences and non-occurrences of the behavior- that is if a functional relation is demonstrated
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Technological
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The written description of all procedures used in the study is sufficiently complete and detailed to enable others to replicate it
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Conceptually Systematic
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behavior change interventions are derived from basic principles of behavior
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Effective
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improves behavior sufficiently to produce practical results for the participant/client
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Generality
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produces behavior changes that last over time, appear in other environments, or spread to other behaviors.
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Three Levels of Understanding
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description, prediction, and control.
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