Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
No Nucleus |
Prokaryotes |
|
|
Small and Simple |
Prokaryotes |
|
|
No organelles |
Prokaryotes |
|
|
Very abundant |
Prokaryotes
|
|
|
Unicellular |
Prokaryotes
|
|
|
Cells have sticky capsule |
Prokaryotes
|
|
|
All cells have two walls |
Prokaryotes
|
|
|
The first cells |
Prokaryotes
|
|
|
Live in wide variety of environments |
Prokaryotes
|
|
|
All are bacteria |
Prokaryotes
|
|
|
Cells have nucleus |
Eukaryotes |
|
|
Cells have organelles |
Eukaryotes
|
|
|
Can be unicellular or multicellular |
Eukaryotes
|
|
|
Have a cytoskeleton |
Eukaryotes
|
|
|
Some have cilia |
Eukaryotes
|
|
|
Have a cytoskeleton |
Eukaryotes
|
|
|
Some have cilia |
Eukaryotes
|
|
|
Includes everything thats not bacteria |
Eukaryotes
|
|
|
Have ribosomes |
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes |
|
|
Have DNA |
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
|
|
|
Have cytoplasm |
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
|
|
|
Have cell membrane |
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
|
|
|
Some have flagella |
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
|
|
|
No cell wall |
Animal Cell |
|
|
No large central vacuole |
Animal Cell
|
|
|
No chloroplast |
Animal Cell
|
|
|
Chloroplast |
Plant Cell |
|
|
Vacuole |
Plant Cell |
|
|
Cell wall |
Plant Cell |
|
|
Nucleus |
Animal and Plant Cell |
|
|
Cytoplasm |
Animal and Plant Cell
|
|
|
Cell Membrane |
Animal and Plant Cell
|
|
|
Mitochondria |
Animal and Plant Cell
|
|
|
Other organelles |
Animal and Plant Cell
|
|
|
Converts sunlight into sugar in plants |
Chloroplast |
|
|
Provides extra support and protein to plant cells |
Cell Wall |
|
|
Contains DNA and keeps it safe so cell can function |
Nucleus |
|
|
Converts sugar into ATP (energy) |
Mitochondrion |
|
|
Levels of organization in living things |
Organelles->Cell->Tissue->Organs->Organ System->Organism |
|
|
Arrangement of phospholipids in bilayer that makes up cell membrane |
Phospholipids form a bilayer with head facing outward and tail inward |
|
|
Properties of the heads of phospholipids |
Hyrdrophillic (water loving) |
|
|
Properties of the tails of phospholipids |
Hydrophobic (water fearing) |
|
|
Stabilizes cell membrane and keeps tails from sticking together |
Cholesterol |
|
|
Transport various molecules through cell membrane |
Transport Proteins |
|
|
Identifier of the cell |
Carbohydrate Chains |
|
|
When has diffussion reached dynamic equlibrium |
When there are equal molecules inside the cell as there are outside the cell |
|
|
Requires a transport protein to allow it to cross the cell membrane going from high concentration to low concentration |
Faciliated Diffusion |
|
|
Requires a transport protein AND energy to go from low concentration to high concentration |
Active Transport |
|
|
Maintaining a constant internal environment |
Homeostasis |
|
|
Body sweats and blood vessels in skin dilate causing body temperature to decrease |
Bodies response to increase temperature |
|
|
Body begins to shiver and blood vessels in skin constrict |
Bodies response to decreased body temperature |
|
|
Adenine Thymine Cytosine Guanine |
Base pairs in DNA molecule |
|
|
DNA shape |
Double Helix |
|
|
DNA (gene)->mRNA->Protein |
Central Dogma, mechanism of gene expression |
|
|
Travels from the nucleus to the ribosome |
mRNA (Messenger RNA) |
|
|
Brings amino acids to mRNA strand at the ribosome |
tRNA (Transfer RNA) |
|
|
Occurs in the nucleus |
Transcription |
|
|
Number of nucleotides that make up a codon |
3 |
|
|
mRNA is translated into amino acids making protein |
Translation |
|
|
Three main steps of DNA replication |
1. Unzipping: 2 strands of DNA are broken 2. Base pairing: strand paired with complement base 3. Joining: strands are bonded together and wind back into helix |
|
|
Base Pairing Rule |
A=T C=G |
|
|
Sub-stages of Interphase |
- G1: growth phase - S-synthesis: DNA replication - G2: growth phase and preparation for mitosis |
|
|
Mitosis Sequence of events |
- Prophase: nucleus dissolves and chromosomes condence - Metaphase: chromosomes line up in center of cell - Ananphase: 1 single chromosome is pulled to opposite sides |
