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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Glycolysis
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Breakdown of glucose
Takes place in the cyotplasm Each glucose molecule is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid Pyruvic acid molecules are absorbed by the mitochondria to produce energy in the form of ATP |
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Gluconeogenesis
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When the body doesn't have glucose, we make it - burn fat
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Energy Production in the Mitochondria
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Pyruvic acid enters the mitochondria and a CO2 molecule is removed from each pyruvic acid
The remainder enters the Citric Acid Cycle |
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Citric Acid Cycle
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An enzymatic pathway that breaksdown the pyruvic acid
The remnants of the pyruvic acid contain carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen Carbon and oxygen atoms are released as CO2 The hydrogen atoms are delivered to carrier proteins in the cristae of the mitochondria |
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Citric Acid Cycle
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Electrons from the hydrogen atoms are removed and passed along achain of coenzymes
The energy released during these steps performs the enzymatic conversion of ADP to ATP - hydrogen transport Because it requires oxygen, it is known as aerobic metabolism |
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Citric Acid Cycle
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Occurs in the mitochondria
Each glucose molecule produces 2 pyruvates Each pyruvate generates 5 hydrogen pairs Each hydrogen pair produces 3 ATPs through hydrogen transport, but lose ? Therefore 28 ATPs from the citric Acid Cycle |
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Hydrogen Transport
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How ATP is produced from the hydrogen of the pyruvic acid
Hydrogen pairs are cycled by NAD and FAD to produce ATP |
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Energy Yield of Aerobic Metabolism
Summary |
Cytoplasm - Glycolysis
Mitochondria - Citric Acid Cylce/ Hydrogen(electron)Transpor |
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Energy Yield of Aerobic Metabolism
Summary |
Cytoplasm:
glycolysis - 4 ATP produced; 2 ATP used 2 ATP net gain and 4 or 6 by NADH and FADHTotal yield is 6 or 8 ATP |
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Energy Yield of Aerobic Metabolism
Summary |
Mitochondria:
8 Hydrogen pairs generate NADH - 24 ATPs 1 Hydrogen Pair generates 4 ATP Yield : 28 ATP Total is 6(or 8) & 28 = 34 or (36) ATPs |
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Other Cellular Organelles
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see pic pg. 69
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Membranous Organelles
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Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Apparatus Lysosome Peroxisome |
